Influential Women in Space and Medicine
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary motivation behind Valentina Tereshkova's entry into the Soviet space program?

  • The political climate of the "space race" with the United States. (correct)
  • Scientific curiosity and a desire to explore space.
  • To advance women's rights and promote gender equality in science.
  • A lifelong ambition to become a pilot and astronaut.

    • Which aspect of Valentina Tereshkova's background proved particularly useful for her role as a cosmonaut?

  • Her academic background in engineering, providing a strong foundation in technical concepts.
  • Her experience as an amateur parachutist, particularly during re-entry to Earth. (correct)
  • Her experience working in a textile factory, which familiarized her with complex machinery.
  • Her political activism and advocacy for women's rights, fostering leadership skills.

    • What significant political positions did Valentina Tereshkova hold after her spaceflight?

  • Ambassador to the United Nations, representing the Soviet Union on the world stage.
  • Head of the Soviet space program, directing future missions and exploration efforts.
  • Minister of Defense, overseeing the Soviet military forces.
  • Member of the Supreme Soviet Presidium and director of the Soviet Women's Committee. (correct)

    • What was Patricia Bath's driving motivation behind her work in ophthalmology?

    <p>Advocating for eyesight as a fundamental human right and developing innovative treatments for blindness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pioneering achievement did Patricia Bath attain at UCLA's Jules Stein Eye Institute?

    <p>Becoming the first female ophthalmologist at the institute. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Patricia Bath receive a patent for the Laserphaco Probe?

    <p>1988 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific advancements did Patricia Bath's Laserphaco Probe enable in cataract surgery?

    <p>More precise and less invasive removal of cataracts using laser technology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Patricia Bath contribute to community eye care?

    <p>Launching &quot;community ophthalmology,&quot; a program bringing primary eye care to underserved populations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the connection between Valentina Tereshkova's space mission and the Cold War "space race"?

    <p>It demonstrated the Soviet Union's capability to launch a civilian into space, unlike the US's reliance on military pilots. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from inventing the Laserphaco Probe, what other notable contribution did Patricia Bath make to the field of ophthalmology?

    <p>She established the first ophthalmology residency training program led by a woman in the US. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Valentina Tereshkova

    Soviet cosmonaut, first woman in space in 1963.

    First Civilian in Space

    Tereshkova became the first civilian to fly in space.

    Vostok 6

    The space capsule used by Tereshkova for her historic flight.

    Parachute Jumping

    Activity Tereshkova practiced before becoming a cosmonaut.

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    Patricia Bath

    Ophthalmologist and inventor of the Laserphaco Probe.

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    Laserphaco Probe

    A device invented by Bath for cataract surgery.

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    Community Ophthalmology

    Bath's outreach program providing eye care to poor areas.

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    American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness

    Organization co-founded by Bath to promote eye health.

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    UCLA's Jules Stein Eye Institute

    Bath's first position as a female ophthalmologist.

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    Hero of the Soviet Union

    Title awarded to Tereshkova in 1966 for her space achievements.

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    Study Notes

    Valentina Tereshkova

    • First woman in space, 1963
    • Soviet cosmonaut and engineer
    • Left school at 16, worked in a textile factory
    • Took up parachute jumping
    • Volunteered for Soviet space program in 1961
    • Trained for 16 months in isolation and zero-gravity
    • Flew in Vostok 6 spacecraft, June 16, 1963
    • Completed 48 orbits of Earth
    • Hero of the Soviet Union in 1966
    • Earned doctorate in engineering in 1977
    • Parachuted from capsule upon return

    Patricia Bath

    • Pioneer for women in ophthalmology
    • Inventor, laser scientist, and ophthalmologist
    • Studied medicine at Howard University and graduated in 1968
    • First African American to complete residency in ophthalmology at New York University
    • Continued studies at Columbia University, focused on corneal transplantation and keratoprosthesis
    • Became associate professor at UCLA and Charles R. Drew University, in 1974
    • Advocate for accessible eye care in underserved communities
    • Co-founded American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness in 1976
    • Invented Laserphaco Probe for cataracts (1986)
    • Promoted advanced ophthalmic techniques and sight-saving treatments globally

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    Description

    This quiz explores the remarkable achievements of Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space, and Patricia Bath, a pioneer in ophthalmology. Learn about their groundbreaking contributions, groundbreaking education, and legacies in their respective fields. Test your knowledge on these inspiring figures who broke barriers for women in science and medicine.

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