Women in Space and Medical Innovations

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What notable achievement distinguishes Valentina Tereshkova in the context of space exploration?

First civilian to fly in space (correct)

First woman to serve as a mission commander

First woman to conduct a spacewalk

First female engineer in the Soviet space program

Which of the following best describes Tereshkova's background prior to her spaceflight?

Worked as a teacher and researcher

Worked in a textile factory and was an amateur parachutist (correct)

Served in the Soviet Air Force

Graduated from a military academy

What specific role did Valentina Tereshkova take on in 1968, highlighting her influence in women's representation?

Chief astronaut for NASA

Director of the Soviet Women's Committee (correct)

Ambassador for space exploration initiatives

Chairperson of the Supreme Soviet

How many orbits of Earth did Tereshkova complete during her historic flight?

48 Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Valentina Tereshkova become a Hero of the Soviet Union?

1966 Signup and view all the answers

What significant achievement did Patricia Bath accomplish in 1983?

She established and directed an ophthalmology residency training program. Signup and view all the answers

Which invention by Patricia Bath revolutionized cataract surgery?

Laserphaco Probe Signup and view all the answers

What was Patricia Bath's role at Howard University after her graduation?

Medical school student Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Patricia Bath receive a patent for her key invention?

1988 Signup and view all the answers

What inspired Patricia Bath to co-found the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness?

Commitment to addressing global blindness Signup and view all the answers

What key concept did Stephen Hawking's PhD thesis argue about the origins of the universe?

The universe originated from a singularity. Signup and view all the answers

Which significant conclusion was drawn from Hawking's collaboration with Roger Penrose?

The collapse of a giant star results in a singularity. Signup and view all the answers

What groundbreaking theory did Hawking propose regarding black holes in 1974?

Black holes emit heat and eventually evaporate. Signup and view all the answers

What position did Stephen Hawking hold at Cambridge University in 1979?

Lucasian Professor of Mathematics Signup and view all the answers

Which popular science book did Hawking publish in 1988 that had a significant impact on public understanding of cosmology?

A Brief History of Time Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental process that leads to the emission of Hawking radiation from a black hole?

One particle of a pair falling into the black hole while the other escapes Signup and view all the answers

Which critical discovery regarding black holes was made by Stephen Hawking?

Black holes can emit thermal radiation due to quantum effects Signup and view all the answers

What significant contribution did Roger Penrose provide to the understanding of black holes?

Developed a twistor theory applicable to gravitational theories Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose publish their findings regarding the formation of black holes?

1970 Signup and view all the answers

Which analogy does Stephen Hawking use to describe the concept of what existed before the universe began?

The South Pole as a limit of geographic measurement Signup and view all the answers

What position did Stephen Hawking hold at Cambridge University?

Lucasian Professor of Mathematics Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Hawking's research?

The formation and characteristics of black holes Signup and view all the answers

Which achievement is associated with Hawking's efforts to explain the nature of the universe?

Unified Theory of Everything Signup and view all the answers

How long did 'A Brief History of Time' remain on the Sunday Times bestseller list?

237 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What significant award did Stephen Hawking win for his contributions to physics?

Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics Signup and view all the answers

What was Jocelyn Bell Burnell's role in the discovery of pulsars?

She assisted in the design and construction of radio telescopes. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of the discovered signals led Bell Burnell and Hewish to identify them as originating from a neutron star?

The signals had a consistent frequency of 1.337 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What playful title did Bell Burnell use prior to the official naming of pulsars?

Little Green Men-1 Signup and view all the answers

Who supervised Jocelyn Bell Burnell during her PhD at Cambridge University?

Antony Hewish Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Jocelyn Bell Burnell receive the title of Dame Commander of the British Empire (OBE)?

2007 Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of Tak Wah Mak's research on T-cells?

It elucidated the genetic sequence of T-cell receptors. Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Tak Wah Mak discover a chemical to block the fuel supply of Hodgkin's lymphoma?

1999 Signup and view all the answers

How did Tak Wah Mak contribute to the understanding of the immune system?

By demonstrating the mechanisms of antigen recognition by T-cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which field of study is Tak Wah Mak primarily associated with?

Immunology and molecular biology. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the molecular techniques used by Tak Wah Mak in his research?

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Signup and view all the answers