Org. Change Ch. 5 (MC)

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Questions and Answers

What is upward appeal in an organizational context?

The use of ingratiation and collaboration by women to gain influence

A tactic used by men to assert their influence

The feeling of powerlessness due to lacking resources and information

The support from higher level managers for ideas and plans (correct)

According to Kanter (1979), what are the three lines of organizational power?

Lines of interdependence, collaboration, and support

Lines of supply, information, and support (correct)

Lines of assertiveness, ingratiation, and collaboration

Lines of recognition, relevance, and discretion

What are the five conflict-handling styles mentioned in the text?

Ingratiating, collaborating, excluding, prioritizing, and suppressing

Competing, collaborating, compromising, avoiding, and excluding (correct)

Unitarist, pluralist, divergent, suppressing, accommodating

Asserting, accommodating, excluding, suppressing, and prioritizing

What is the purpose of turning up the heat on a group, as mentioned in the text?

To confront a group with information about its bad performance Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the action steps to shape the political dynamics of change mentioned in the text?

Ensure or develop the support of key power groups Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using symbols and language, as mentioned in the text?

To create energy in support of the change Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of power to ensure some things remain the same, as mentioned in the text?

To build in stability Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to identify who holds sufficient power to assist change or work against it?

Carry out a 'power audit' Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gatekeeper possesses political power, alternatives, and information but lacks communication channels with gatekeepers?

Bounded gated Signup and view all the answers

What type of power comes from accepting judgments of those with specialized knowledge?

Expert power Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for women's underrepresentation in boards according to the text?

Child-bearing and childcare Signup and view all the answers

What type of democracy involves a system where everyone has equal right to rule and make decisions?

Direct democracy Signup and view all the answers

Which type of authority is associated with charisma and the ability to attract others to a cause?

Charismatic authority Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of power that is derived from skills and knowledge?

Expert power Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of using a 'Collaborating' conflict-handling style?

Results in high-quality solutions through inputs of both parties Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes 'Negative power'?

About control and manipulation of others Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the major problems faced by change processes?

Resistance to change Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of power according to Huczynski and Buchanan (2013)?

The capacity of individuals to overcome resistance on the part of others, to exert their will, and to produce results consistent with their interests and objectives Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of political rule characterized by absolute government where power is held by an individual or small group?

Autocracy Signup and view all the answers

Which type of rule is exercised through the use of knowledge, expert power, and the ability to solve relevant problems?

Technocracy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Con8ict-handling styles have distinct outcomes on the content of the con8ict and the relationship with the other party:
- Compeng: creates a win/lose situation, may lead to negative feelings and damaged relationships.
- Collaborang: creates a win/win outcome, results in high-quality solutions through inputs of both parties.
- Compromising: partially satisfies the needs of both parties, requires trading resources, can lead to future collaborations.
- Avoiding: does not address the problem, allows a cooling-off period and the gathering of more information.
- Accommodang: creates a lose/win situation, recognizes other party's solutions, builds goodwill.
Power comes in two forms: negative and positive.
- Negative power: characterized by the need for dominance, about control and manipulation of others.
- Positive power: derived from a more socialized need to initiate, influence, and lead, about empowering others.
Hardy argues that power provides energy for organizational change and identifies additional forms:
- Power over meaning: altering values and norms, involves 'spin' to justify change for self and organizational gain.
- System power: lies with the organization and its culture and structure, influences change and difficult to alter.
Change processes face major problems:
- Resistance to change.
- Organizational control.
- Power struggles.
Covert political action is extreme and includes four themes:
- Contestation of power and authority.
- Perceptions of collective injury.
- Social occlusion.
- Occurrence of forbidden forms of dissent.
- Causes include declining control, identity, social networks, and organizational structures.
Functional conflict can lead to positive performance, and optimal conflict inspires innovation and self-criticism.
Guidelines for dealing with conflict:
- Encourage openness.
- Model appropriate responses.
- Provide summaries and restatements of positions.
- Involve neutral third parties.
- Encourage reflection and reassessment.
- Utilize group strengths.
- Focus on shared goals.
- Build objectivity into the process.
Lehman and Linsky recommend practices:
- Build a containment space: a safe space to express dissenting opinions without repercussions.
- Leverage dissident voices: give importance to dissident opinions and don't suppress them.

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Description

Explore the different influence tactics used by men and women, as well as the impact of national culture and powerlessness on these tactics. Learn about assertive and direct methods, ingratiation, collaboration, self-promotion, and the influence of cultural differences.