Influence of Mood and Motivation on Thinking and Decisions
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Questions and Answers

What is a distinctive feature of the semantic-differential scale in measuring attitudes?

  • Requesting participants to recall past experiences
  • Using a series of negative to positive response scales (correct)
  • Asking respondents to indicate their agreement level
  • Measuring attitudes indirectly through behavior observations

In the Likert scale, what is the response range typically between?

  • Negative and positive
  • Unpleasant and pleasant
  • Dislike and like
  • Strongly disagree and strongly agree (correct)

Why might individuals not always be aware of their true attitudes when measured through explicit measures?

  • They prefer to keep their attitudes private
  • They want to align with their culture's views
  • They fear judgment from their peers
  • They are undecided or have not thought about a particular issue (correct)

Which limitation of explicit attitude measures is highlighted in the text?

<p>Individuals are not always aware of their true attitudes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may prevent individuals from admitting to their true attitudes according to the text?

<p>Social desirability bias (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do sociopolitical issues present challenges in measuring attitudes according to the text?

<p>Participants fear expressing true attitudes due to social consequences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an implicit attitude?

<p>An attitude that a person expresses nonconsciously (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might someone have an implicitly negative attitude towards their job?

<p>As a result of negative associations not consciously expressed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do implicit measures of attitudes differ from explicit measures?

<p>Implicit measures infer attitudes without direct participant reporting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a faster categorization of an attitude object as negative compared to positive imply?

<p>A closer relationship between negative concepts and the object (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is commonly used to measure implicit attitudes?

<p>Implicit Association Test (IAT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are implicit attitudes typically measured in the Implicit Association Test (IAT)?

<p>Through recording the reaction time in categorizing objects as positive or negative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an attitude according to Eagly & Chaiken?

<p>A tendency to evaluate something with favor or disfavor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a negative attitude affect one's behavior towards a disliked object?

<p>Bias towards avoiding the object (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can a negative attitude towards an object be changed?

<p>Yes, it can change based on new experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what ways do attitudes bias our responses?

<p>By predisposing us to have a particular response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would encountering a delicious mushroom dish impact one's negative attitude towards mushrooms?

<p>It could change the negative attitude to positive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do attitudes always influence actions towards objects or persons?

<p>Attitudes sometimes guide but not always dictate actions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of human cognition can affect decision-making, according to the text?

<p>Mood and motivations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can our mood shape our thinking, as per the text?

<p>Regardless of its relevance to the judgment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do motivations play in our thinking, according to the text?

<p>They influence our thinking regardless of our preference for the outcome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can our behaviors be determined, according to the text?

<p>By a combination of unconscious processes and intentional decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can we be unaware of, according to the text?

<p>How our behaviors are influenced by our motives and moods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has research found about our behaviors, according to the text?

<p>They are determined by a combination of unconscious processes and intentional decisions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes making a concept more cognitively accessible by exposing participants to strongly associated concepts?

<p>Priming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of priming according to the text?

<p>Doctor and nurse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between schemas and stereotypes?

<p>Schemas are expectations about groups, stereotypes are general beliefs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do stereotypes differ from schemas in terms of their influence on behavior?

<p>Stereotypes lead to automatic behaviors, schemas don't. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can relying solely on stereotypes be problematic according to the text?

<p>Because stereotypes may guide judgments unconsciously. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cognitive psychology, what does the term 'primed' refer to?

<p>Making a concept more cognitively accessible (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of priming in cognitive psychology?

<p>To make certain concepts more easily recognized (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do stereotypes contribute to our cognitive processes according to the text?

<p>By shaping our expectations unconsciously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible negative consequence of relying on stereotypes according to the text?

<p>Potential for inaccurate assumptions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do schemas differ from stereotypes according to the text?

<p>Schemas focus on individual characteristics, stereotypes focus on group characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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