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Inflammatory Mediators in Gout and Potential Treatments

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Inflammatory Mediators in Gout and Potential Treatments

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Questions and Answers

Which cytokine has been identified as a key mediator in the inflammatory processes of acute gout flares and bone destruction?

Interleukin-1 (correct)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Interleukin-6

Interferon-gamma

What type of drug has been tested as a potential treatment for acute gout?

Anakinra, a recombinant form of the human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (correct)

Corticosteroids

Colchicine

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

What is a potential future agent for the treatment of gout?

Lesinurad, a uricosuric drug (correct)

Allopurinol

Methotrexate

Corticosteroids

What are some of the limitations of current medications for gout?

Limited efficacy, hypersensitivity reactions, frequent monitoring, and risk of accumulation in patients with renal impairment Signup and view all the answers

What is a novel therapeutic target that has been identified in the understanding of gout and hyperuricemia?

Interleukin-1ß Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of future directions in gout pharmacotherapy according to the text?

Developing novel agents based on new therapeutic targets Signup and view all the answers

What is the key step in processing IL-1ß from its pro-form to active cytokine?

Activation of the NALP3 inflammasome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an IL-1 blocker with a longer half-life that is under investigation in gout?

Canakinumab Signup and view all the answers

What is the key determinant of increased serum urate levels?

Increased expression of URAT1 Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is a potential therapeutic target for gout due to its role in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis?

Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) Signup and view all the answers

Which approach can select the best treatment in specific patient phenotypes in a shorter time span than testing every phenotype in a separate trial?

Adaptive trial design Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of the traditional approach of using the same dose of a drug for all patients?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers