Inflammatory Mediators in Gout and Potential Treatments
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Questions and Answers

Which cytokine has been identified as a key mediator in the inflammatory processes of acute gout flares and bone destruction?

  • Interleukin-1 (correct)
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
  • Interleukin-6
  • Interferon-gamma

What type of drug has been tested as a potential treatment for acute gout?

  • Anakinra, a recombinant form of the human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (correct)
  • Corticosteroids
  • Colchicine
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

What is a potential future agent for the treatment of gout?

  • Lesinurad, a uricosuric drug (correct)
  • Allopurinol
  • Methotrexate
  • Corticosteroids

What are some of the limitations of current medications for gout?

<p>Limited efficacy, hypersensitivity reactions, frequent monitoring, and risk of accumulation in patients with renal impairment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a novel therapeutic target that has been identified in the understanding of gout and hyperuricemia?

<p>Interleukin-1ß (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of future directions in gout pharmacotherapy according to the text?

<p>Developing novel agents based on new therapeutic targets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key step in processing IL-1ß from its pro-form to active cytokine?

<p>Activation of the NALP3 inflammasome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an IL-1 blocker with a longer half-life that is under investigation in gout?

<p>Canakinumab (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key determinant of increased serum urate levels?

<p>Increased expression of URAT1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is a potential therapeutic target for gout due to its role in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis?

<p>Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach can select the best treatment in specific patient phenotypes in a shorter time span than testing every phenotype in a separate trial?

<p>Adaptive trial design (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of the traditional approach of using the same dose of a drug for all patients?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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