Effective Sampling
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Questions and Answers

When is the peak time for detecting a respiratory virus?

  • After the virus has replicated enough
  • Several weeks after exposure to the virus
  • During the onset of clinical signs (correct)
  • Immediately after exposure to the virus

How long do IgG antibodies last in the body?

  • Several months (correct)
  • Several years
  • A few weeks
  • A few days

How long do IgM antibodies last in the body?

  • A few months (correct)
  • A few weeks
  • Several years
  • Several months

Why is it important to follow up a sample 2 weeks later with a convalescent sample if the patient is vaccinated or previously exposed to a specific disease?

<p>To measure the rapid increase in antibody levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood sample is recommended for antibody testing?

<p>Coagulated blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sample is commonly a first line diagnostic used to detect respiratory viruses?

<p>Nasopharyngeal swab (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to the individual showing clinical signs, why is it valuable to sample other animals in a group?

<p>To detect the presence of the virus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response takes longer to develop in a naïve individual?

<p>Adaptive immune response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sample is considered less invasive for respiratory disease testing?

<p>Saliva sample (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which inflammatory markers are commonly tested in animals?

<p>Fibrinogen, C reactive protein, and Amyloid A (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an elevated C reactive protein (CRP) indicate in dogs?

<p>Inflammatory disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which acute phase protein is primarily used as an inflammatory marker in horses and cats?

<p>Serum Amyloid A (SAA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fibrinogen in detecting infection?

<p>It helps in blood clotting during infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which acute phase protein is primarily used as an inflammatory marker in cows?

<p>Haptoglobin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which acute phase protein is primarily used as an inflammatory marker in dogs?

<p>CRP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of effective sampling?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of effective sampling?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do acute phase proteins increase in response to?

<p>Both infection and inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which inflammatory markers are commonly used in combination to detect infection in horses?

<p>Fibrinogen and SAA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three inflammatory markers?

<p>Fibrinogen, C reactive protein, Amyloid A</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which acute phase protein is primarily used as an inflammatory marker in pigs?

<p>MAP protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary acute phase protein used in dogs?

<p>C reactive protein (CRP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which acute phase protein is primarily used as an inflammatory marker in cows?

<p>Amyloid A and haptoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of effective sampling?

<p>To ensure the right type of sample is taken correctly from the right place and animals at the right time</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do acute phase proteins increase in response to?

<p>Infection or inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fibrinogen in detecting infection?

<p>Fibrinogen is an acute phase protein that is produced in response to cytokines present during infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for taking a respiratory sample in the infection process?

<p>Peak time for detecting the virus is around 3 or 4 days into the onset of clinical signs, but this varies depending on the pathogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long do IgG antibodies typically last in the body?

<p>IgG antibodies can last for months and months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of taking a convalescent sample?

<p>To pick up the anamnestic response to the infection, where there is a rapid and high increase in antibody levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood sample is recommended for PCR testing?

<p>Coagulated blood is recommended for PCR testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sample is considered less invasive for respiratory disease testing?

<p>Milk and saliva samples are considered less invasive for respiratory disease testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it valuable to sample other animals in a group?

<p>The virus may be present but not shown clinically in other animals in the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long do IgM antibodies typically last in the body?

<p>IgM antibodies last for around 3 months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential interference caused by Li hep tube in PCR testing?

<p>Li hep tube can cause interference in PCR testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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