Inflammatory Eye Lid Conditions Quiz

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What is the likely cause of acute dacryocystitis?

Obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct (correct)

Infection of the meibomian gland

Granulomatous inflammation of the eyelid

Infection of the globe

Why does acute dacryocystitis lead to tenderness, erythema, and swelling of the medial canthal region?

Obstruction of the meibomian gland

Granulomatous inflammation of the eyelid

Stasis of tears in the nasolacrimal sac (correct)

Direct infection of the globe

What can be typically expressed from the punctum in cases of acute dacryocystitis?

Pus (correct)

Oil

Mucus

Blood

What complication can arise if acute dacryocystitis is not promptly treated?

Sepsis Signup and view all the answers

What type of antibiotic therapy is recommended for treating dacryocystitis?

With good gram-positive coverage Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a chalazion from acute dacryocystitis?

Painful nodule Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT commonly associated with the development of left ventricular aneurysm in acromegalic cardiomyopathy?

Mitral regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from myocardial hypertrophy caused by other cardiovascular diseases?

Asymmetric thickening of the interventricular septum Signup and view all the answers

What can cause a flail mitral valve leaflet?

Rupture of the chordae tendineae Signup and view all the answers

What signs would indicate acute mitral regurgitation due to a flail leaflet?

Pulsus paradoxus Signup and view all the answers

What specific signs indicate cardiac tamponade in the presence of a mild-to-moderate pericardial effusion?

Elevated jugular pressure and pulsus paradoxus Signup and view all the answers

What feature would NOT explain the findings in a patient with acromegaly?

Mitral stenosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the treatment of choice for hereditary hemochromatosis (HH)?

Therapeutic phlebotomy Signup and view all the answers

Which gender is typically more severely affected by hereditary hemochromatosis?

Men Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased intestinal iron absorption?

Hereditary hemochromatosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial evaluation that commonly shows elevated iron studies in hereditary hemochromatosis?

Serum ferritin levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of urgent phlebotomy in patients with extreme hyperferritinemia (serum ferritin >1000 ng/mL)?

To reduce the risk of end-organ damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic basis of hereditary hemochromatosis?

$HFE$ gene mutations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for underreporting of intimate partner violence (IPV) by patients?

Fear of retribution or harm from the partner Signup and view all the answers

Why is screening for intimate partner violence (IPV) important for a patient with chronic lower abdominal pain?

To identify any harm committed by a partner Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that particularly affects women of childbearing age with regards to intimate partner violence (IPV)?

Increased incidence during times of stress or social changes Signup and view all the answers

How should healthcare professionals address a patient's refusal of treatment if they understand the risks and benefits but still refuse?

Offer alternative treatments and document the informed refusal Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the challenges healthcare professionals face in managing patients with intimate partner violence (IPV)?

Patients often deny or underreport IPV due to various reasons like shame or fear Signup and view all the answers

In what situations does the incidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) tend to increase?

At times of stress or significant social changes like marriage or postpartum period Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes episcleritis from hordeolum?

Episcleritis affects the globe, while hordeolum affects the eyelid margin. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of hordeolum?

Tender pustule at the eyelid margin Signup and view all the answers

How does orbital cellulitis differ from episcleritis and hordeolum?

Orbital cellulitis extends beyond the orbital septum into extraocular muscles and periorbital fat. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes episcleritis from orbital cellulitis?

Episcleritis involves localized swelling and erythema, while orbital cellulitis typically presents with diffuse findings. Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is common between episcleritis and hordeolum?