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Inferential Statistics: Populations vs Samples

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Inferential Statistics: Populations vs Samples

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of using inferential statistics to evaluate sample data?

To precisely describe the characteristics of the sample

To determine the mode of the sampling distribution

To calculate the mean of the sample

To make inferences about the larger population from which the sample was drawn (correct)

What is the purpose of distinguishing between the null hypothesis and the research hypothesis?

To establish the mean and standard deviation of the sample

To calculate the range of the sampling distribution

To identify outliers in the data set

To provide a basis for statistical hypothesis testing (correct)

When is a t-test used and what are the three basic steps to using it?

Used to compare means of three or more groups, involving calculation of t-statistic, determining degrees of freedom, and assessing statistical significance

Used to compare medians of two groups, involving calculation of t-statistic, determining degrees of freedom, and assessing statistical significance

Used to compare variances of two groups, involving calculation of t-statistic, determining degrees of freedom, and assessing statistical significance

Used to compare means of two groups, involving calculation of t-statistic, determining degrees of freedom, and assessing statistical significance (correct)

What does the F test assess in terms of variance?

Systematic variance and error variance Signup and view all the answers

What do Type I and Type II errors refer to in statistical analysis?

Incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis and incorrectly failing to reject a false null hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

What does inferential statistics try to answer?

Whether the answers from a single sample reflect what we would hear from the entire population Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a sampling distribution in determining statistical significance?

To provide a basis for comparing sample statistics with population parameters Signup and view all the answers

How do effect-size and confidence intervals contribute to the validity of conclusions beyond hypothesis tests?

They provide information about the magnitude of an effect and the range within which population parameters are likely to fall Signup and view all the answers