Infectious Diseases Quiz

Sepsis

• Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)

Infectious Diseases

• Lyme Disease (Lyme Borreliosis)
  • Caused by Borrelia (tick)
  • Symptoms: Rash at the bite site, flu-like symptoms
  • Treatment: Antibiotics
• Burkitt's Lymphoma
  • Caused by Epstein-Barr virus (HHV4)
  • Symptoms: Tumor of the jaw
  • Transmitted: Mosquito-borne
  • Treatment: Anticancer drugs
• Infectious Mononucleosis (Kissing Disease)
  • Caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
  • Transmitted: Saliva (kissing, sharing drinking vessels)
• Cytomegalovirus Infection
  • Caused by Human Herpesvirus 5 (HHV5)
  • Transmitted: Kissing, sexually, by transfused blood, and by transplanted tissue
  • Symptoms: Without treatment, it results in eventual loss of vision
  • Treatment: Ganciclovir
  • Vaccines: Under development, but none currently available
• Yellow Fever
  • Transmitted: Contact with animals, injected by a mosquito (Aedes aegypti)
  • Symptoms: Early stages - fever, chills, and headache, followed by nausea and vomiting; Late stage - jaundice, yellow color of the skin, deposition of bile pigments
• Ebola
  • Caused by Ebolavirus
  • Symptoms: Fever, fatigue, muscle pain, headache, followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and bleeding
  • Treatment: Monoclonal antibodies
  • Vaccine: Available
• Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis)
  • Caused by Trypanosoma cruzi protozoa
  • Transmitted: "Kissing bug", blood transfusions, and unsterilized syringes
  • Diagnosis: Detection of trypanosomes in blood samples
  • Prophylaxis: Chloroquine, Mefloquine, and other anti-malaria drugs
  • Therapy: Chloroquine, Malarone, or oral quinine plus an antibiotic

Respiratory Diseases

• Pharyngitis
  • Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the throat, or sore throat
• Laryngitis
  • Inflammation of the larynx
• Tonsillitis
  • Inflammation of the tonsils
• Sinusitis
  • Infection of a sinus involving heavy nasal discharge of mucus

Eye Infections

• Haemophilus Influenzae
  • Bacterial eye infection
• Adenoviruses
  • Viral conjunctivitis
• Chlamydia Trachomatis
  • Fungal infection, causing trachoma
• Conjunctivitis
  • Inflammation of the conjunctiva, also known as red eye or pinkeye

Nervous System Diseases

• Bacterial Meningitis
  • Caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Symptoms: Fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, and vomiting
  • Treatment: Cephalosporins and vancomycin

Viral Diseases

• Poliomyelitis
  • Caused by Poliovirus
  • Transmitted: By ingestion
  • Symptoms: Acute poliomyelitis, practice essentials, pathophysiology, epidemiology, sore throat, and nausea
  • Prevention: By vaccination
  • Diagnosis: By isolating the virus from feces and throat secretions

Test your knowledge on various infectious diseases, including Lyme disease, Burkitt's lymphoma, and infectious mononucleosis. Learn about their causes, symptoms, and treatments.