Infectious Diseases Overview

Questions and Answers

What is AIDS?

A type of cancer

A virus that causes fever

A bacterial infection

A syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (correct)

What is the Common Cold?

A mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages.

What is Dengue Fever?

An infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes.

What is Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever?

A severe and often fatal disease caused by the Ebola virus. Signup and view all the answers

What does Herpes cause?

Small painful blisters and inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What is Influenza?

An acute viral respiratory infection. Signup and view all the answers

What is Measles?

An acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots. Signup and view all the answers

What is Mumps?

An acute viral disease characterized by swelling of the parotid glands. Signup and view all the answers

What is Mononucleosis?

An acute disease characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes. Signup and view all the answers

What does Polio affect?

Inflammation of nerve cells in the brain stem and spinal cord. Signup and view all the answers

What is Rabies?

An acute viral infection transmitted by animal bites. Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of Small Pox?

High fever, flu-like symptoms, and rashes. Signup and view all the answers

What does Viral Encephalitis cause?

Fever and infection of the central nervous system. Signup and view all the answers

What is Viral Pneumonia?

A form of pneumonia that is generally mild. Signup and view all the answers

What are symptoms of West Nile Fever?

Fever, body aches, rash, nausea, vomiting. Signup and view all the answers

What is Yellow Fever?

An acute infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Signup and view all the answers

What is Sporozoa?

Animal-like protozoa including the genus Plasmodium. Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of Bacteria's chromosome?

One Circular Chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

Do Bacteria have a nucleus?

False Signup and view all the answers

Do Eukaryota have membrane-bound organelles?

True Signup and view all the answers

Do Bacteria have cell walls supported by Peptidoglycan?

Yes. Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganism causes Chicken Pox?

Varicella Zoster Virus Signup and view all the answers

What is a virus?

A small infectious agent that can replicate only inside living cells. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Infectious Diseases

AIDS: Caused by HIV; attacks the immune system, allowing opportunistic infections and malignancies.
Common Cold: Mild viral infection affecting the nose and respiratory passages.
Dengue Fever: Mosquito-borne tropical disease; symptoms include rash and severe joint pain.
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever: Severe, often fatal disease caused by the Ebola virus; affects humans and nonhuman primates.
Herpes: Viral infection causing painful blisters mainly in the mouth, nose, or genitals.
Influenza: Highly contagious viral respiratory infection, prevalent during colder months.
Measles: Acute viral disease characterized by red spots and rash; highly contagious.
Mumps: Viral disease resulting in swollen parotid glands, affecting salivary function.
Mononucleosis: Characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes; elevated mononuclear leukocytes in the blood.
Polio: Viral infection causing nerve cell inflammation; can lead to paralysis.
Rabies: Transmitted through animal bites; neurological symptoms like hydrophobia occur.
Smallpox: Disease marked by rash, fever, and potential death from internal organ infection.
Viral Encephalitis: Caused by mosquito bites; symptoms include fever and neurological complications.
Viral Pneumonia: Generally mild pneumonia; more severe in children without increased white blood cell count.
West Nile Fever: Mosquito-transmitted; symptoms include fever and nausea; no specific treatment.
Yellow Fever: Flavivirus infection; transmitted by mosquitoes; symptoms include headaches and fever.

Protozoa Types

Sporozoa: Animal-like protozoa; include Plasmodium (malaria); spore-formers.
Sarcomastigophora: Animal-like protozoa; divided into mastigophora and sarcodina.
Sarcodina: Characterized by pseudopods for movement; includes rhizopoda.
Mastigophora: Flagellated protozoans; also known as zooflagellates.
Ciliophora: Uses cilia for movement; complex structure with multiple nuclei.

Algae Classification

Chlorophycophyta: Green algae, some have flagella and are motile.
Chrysophycophyta: Golden brown algae; includes diatoms with silica shells.
Phaeophycophyta: Brown algae; includes large multicellular forms like kelp.
Rhodophycophyta: Red algae; important for coral reef formation.
Pyrrophycophyta: Fire algae; responsible for red tides and bioluminescence.
Euglenophycophyta: Euglenoids; exhibit both plant-like and animal-like characteristics.

Fungal and Other Protists

Myxomycetes: Slime molds; previously classified as fungi.
Oomycetes: Water molds and plant parasites, obtain nutrients mainly as decomposers.

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota

Bacteria: Prokaryotic microorganisms; lack nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; typically one circular chromosome.
Archaea: Similar to bacteria, but more closely related to eukaryotes; also lack nucleus.
Eukaryota: Cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; contain multiple linear chromosomes.

Cell Structure and Genetic Information

Nucleus: Membrane-enclosed organelle in eukaryotic cells; control center containing genetic material.
Mitochondria: Organelles that generate energy in eukaryotic cells.
Chloroplasts: Organelles in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis; contain chlorophyll.

Microscopy Techniques

Optical Microscope: Enlarges images using one or two lenses.
Electron Microscopes: Uses electron waves for high-resolution imaging; includes scanning and transmission types.
Scanning Probe Microscope: Measures interaction between a probe and sample surface.

General Characteristics

Bacteria and Archaea: Do not have a nucleus; absence of membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryota: Have a nucleus; possess membrane-bound organelles.

Additional Concepts

Prion: Infectious agent made primarily of protein.
Virus: Small infectious agent that replicates only inside living cells.
Chicken Pox: Highly contagious viral infection caused by varicella zoster virus, transmitted via respiratory secretions or rash contact.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various infectious diseases including AIDS, Ebola, and Influenza. This quiz covers symptoms, causes, and characteristics of each disease, providing an overview of how they impact health worldwide. Perfect for those studying medicine or health sciences.