Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of keratin in the skin?

  • Provides sensation and blood supply to the skin
  • Sloughs off dead cells in the epidermis
  • Waterproofs the skin and protects from microbial invasion (correct)
  • Aids in the production of sebum and lysozyme

    • Which layer of the skin contains nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels?

  • Epidermis
  • Dermis (correct)
  • Stratum corneum
  • Subcutaneous layer

    • What is the most common skin disorder mentioned in the text?

  • Cellulitis
  • Warts
  • Impetigo
  • Acne (correct)

    • What is the purpose of good skin hygiene in preventing acne?

    <p>To reduce the likelihood of increased sebum production and blocked follicle ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acne development?

    <p>Pore blockage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of cold sores and fever blisters?

    <p>Herpes simplex virus I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is responsible for causing boils and furuncles?

    <p>S. aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to the reactivation of herpes simplex virus?

    <p>Stress and excessive sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the causative agents of impetigo?

    <p>S. aureus and S. pyogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes scalded skin syndrome?

    <p>Exfoliative exotoxin released by lysogenized strains of S. aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How was smallpox eradicated?

    <p>Through vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method for preventing herpes?

    <p>Avoiding close contact with individuals experiencing outbreaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is responsible for causing necrotizing fasciitis?

    <p>S. pyogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Cat Scratch Disease?

    <p>Bartonella henselae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective way to prevent measles?

    <p>MMR vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is responsible for Pseudomonas Infection?

    <p>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What virus causes rubella, or German measles?

    <p>Rubella virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Gas Gangrene?

    <p>Clostridium perfringens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are warts caused?

    <p>Various papillomaviruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the causative agent of Leprosy?

    <p>Mycobacterium leprae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of tinea corporis, capitis, cruris, and pedis?

    <p>Various dermatophytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Chickenpox?

    <p>Varicella zoster virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes leishmaniasis?

    <p>Leishmania protozoan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Shingles?

    <p>Varicella-zoster virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main defense of the eye?

    <p>Conjunctiva and cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method for preventing chickenpox and shingles?

    <p>Vaccine availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of conjunctivitis, or 'pink eye'?

    <p>Inflammation, itching, burning, and redness of eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by abnormal prions and presents symptoms including insomnia, weight loss, and memory failure?

    <p>Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is transmitted through contact with infected body fluids and can lead to symptoms varying from anxiety and nervousness to coma and death?

    <p>Rabies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease can result in asymptomatic infections, minor polio, nonparalytic polio, or paralytic polio, and is transmitted through the fecal-oral route?

    <p>Poliomyelitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease leads to symptoms such as extreme arching of the back, muscle spasms, and rigid paralysis, often resulting in death?

    <p>Tetanus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease can be foodborne, infant, or wound-related, and presents symptoms including double vision, difficulty swallowing, and descending muscular paralysis?

    <p>Botulism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by Trypanosoma brucei and is transmitted by the Tse Tse fly in equatorial Africa, leading to fever, malaise, and eventually coma and death?

    <p>African Trypanosomiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by Acanthamoeba and Naegleria, entering the host through skin abrasions or inhalation of contaminated water, and leading to symptoms similar to those of meningitis and encephalitis?

    <p>Primary Amebic Meningoencephalopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease diagnosed?

    <p>By characteristic signs and symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key method for preventing poliomyelitis?

    <p>Vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can botulism be prevented?

    <p>Proper food preparation and antitoxin treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of rabies?

    <p>Anxiety and nervousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for African Trypanosomiasis?

    <p>Tse Tse fly bite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of otitis media?

    <p>S. pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is bacterial meningitis primarily transmitted to the central nervous system?

    <p>Through breaks in the bones and meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the typical symptoms of bacterial meningitis?

    <p>Acute onset of fever, headache, painful or stiff neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial species can cause diseases of the nervous system?

    <p>Listeria monocytogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary prevention method for arboviral encephalitis?

    <p>Limiting contact with mosquitoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of prion diseases?

    <p>Caused by infectious proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for viral forms of meningitis?

    <p>No specific treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most severe form of bacterial meningitis?

    <p>Meningococcal meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tubes in the treatment of otitis media in kids?

    <p>Drain fluid from the ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of transmission for arboviruses?

    <p>Blood-sucking arthropods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of subacute encephalitis?

    <p>Mostly a protozoan infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are viral forms of meningitis different from bacterial forms in terms of duration?

    <p>Viral forms usually resolve in 2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

    • Otitis media is often associated with ear and respiratory infections, and can be caused by a variety of bacteria such as S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, and S. aureus.
    • Treatment for otitis media includes antibiotic therapy and tubes for kids.
    • The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain, spinal cord, and neurons, which are surrounded by defenses such as meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and the blood-brain barrier.
    • The CNS is an axenic environment, devoid of normal microbiota, but pathogens may access it through breaks in the bones and meninges, medical procedures, or traveling in peripheral neurons.
    • Nervous system diseases include meningitis, encephalitis, rabies, poliomyelitis, tetanus, botulism, and African sleeping sickness.
    • Bacterial diseases of the nervous system, such as meningitis, can be caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, and Streptococcus agalactiae, as well as various fungi and viruses.
    • Bacterial meningitis presents with acute onset of fever, headache, painful or stiff neck, increased white blood cells in CSF, and confused or disturbed brain function.
    • The most severe form, meningococcal meningitis, is associated with epidemic forms and can lead to petechiae, ecchymosis, shock, and coma, with a 15% mortality rate for treated cases.
    • Viral forms of meningitis are generally milder and usually resolve in 2 weeks, with prevention through good hygiene and no specific treatment.
    • Arboviruses, transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods, can cause arboviral encephalitis, with prevention involving limiting contact with mosquitoes and vaccines available for horses.
    • Subacute encephalitis is mostly a protozoan infection, while prion diseases, caused by infectious proteins, include spongiform encephalopathies such as scrapie and mad cow disease.
    • Prion diseases leave the brains of victims full of holes and can be contracted by eating meat from infected cattle.

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    Related Documents

    Infectious Diseases of Skin, Eye, Nervous Sys Summer 2020 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of infectious diseases affecting the nervous system with this quiz. Explore the causes, symptoms, and treatments of conditions such as otitis media, meningitis, encephalitis, rabies, poliomyelitis, tetanus, botulism, and African sleeping sickness. Learn about the bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other pathogens that can impact the central nervous system, and understand the preventive measures and treatments available for these diseases.

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