Infectious Diseases: HIV

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is not a clinical feature of measles infection?

  • Petechiae on flexures (correct)
  • Exudates on tonsils
  • Generalized lymphadenopathy
  • Koplik's spots

What is the pathognomonic sign of measles infection that appears 2 days before the rash?

  • Exudates on tonsils
  • Koplik's spots (correct)
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Fever

Which vitamin deficiency can cause night blindness?

  • Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
  • Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
  • Vitamin D (Calciferol)
  • Vitamin A (Retinol) (correct)

What is the characteristic oral manifestation of scurvy due to Vitamin C deficiency?

<p>Swollen and spongy gums (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of scarlet fever is characterized by a diffuse erythematous rash that spreads from above downwards?

<p>Stage of eruption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin deficiency can lead to malocclusion of teeth in the oral cavity?

<p>Vitamin D (Calciferol) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of measles infection?

<p>Droplet infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is associated with Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) deficiency?

<p>Pernicious anemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What oral manifestation is associated with Vitamin K deficiency?

<p>Gingival bleeding after brushing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of Vitamin D deficiency in primary and permanent teeth development?

<p>Developmental anomalies of enamel and dentin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic oral sign and symptom of Vitamin A deficiency?

<p>Salivary gland duct blockage by keratin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of measles infection is characterized by the appearance of maculopapular rash on the trunk and slight desquamation?

<p>Stage of desquamation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is a human retrovirus with single strand RNA?

<p>HIV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people infected with HIV acquire the virus through heterosexual relationships?

<p>49% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical stage of HIV infection is characterized by fever, malaise, and sore throat?

<p>Stage 1: seroconversion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which oral manifestation is NOT associated with HIV?

<p>Mumps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period for Mumps?

<p>14-21 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can cause parotid gland enlargement apart from Mumps?

<p>Sarcoidosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people infected with HIV acquire the virus through injecting drug abuse?

<p>33% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical stage of HIV infection is characterized by persistent generalized lymphadenopathy?

<p>Stage 3: persistent generalised lymphadenopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT mentioned in the text as a cause of parotid gland enlargement?

<p>&quot;Cystic fibrosis&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can cause testicular swelling and pain?

<p>Mumps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT mentioned in the text as a mode of transmission for HIV?

<p>Airborne transmission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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