29 Questions
What is the primary route of excretion for most antibiotics?
Kidneys
What should patients avoid when taking antibiotics to prevent developing pseudomembranous colitis?
Consuming cultured dairy products
Which antibiotic side effect may manifest as abnormal vaginal discharge in a patient?
Superinfection (i.e., a yeast infection)
What is the main action of tetracyclines on susceptible bacteria?
Inhibit protein synthesis
What is the main indication for tetracyclines use among the following conditions?
Lyme disease
Why are tetracyclines mainly used for uncommon infections that cannot be treated with newer antibiotics?
They have a broad spectrum
Which factor does NOT influence the body's ability to fight infections?
Microbiota
What can bacteria release that damages host cells and initiates an inflammatory response?
Endotoxins
What system is activated to enhance the overall response against infections?
Immune system
What happens when bacteria replicate rapidly during division?
They make errors in genetic code duplication
When are microorganisms able to become resistant to drug therapy?
After making errors in genetic duplication
What is a major contraindication for using tetracycline?
Having a history of allergies
Which type of antibiotics are effective against a wide variety of different microbial species?
Broad-spectrum
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with tetracyclines?
Photosensitivity
What is the primary concern of overusing broad-spectrum antibiotics?
Reduced effectiveness against bacteria
Which type of antibiotics is known to cause fewer side effects compared to broad-spectrum antibiotics?
Narrow-spectrum
How is tetracycline mainly excreted from the body?
Through the kidneys and feces
What nursing consideration should be provided regarding tetracycline and oral hygiene?
Cautioning about turning the skin yellow
What is the primary goal of antibiotic therapy according to the text?
To use the most narrow-spectrum drug possible
What is a significant dosing frequency for tetracycline?
QID (four times a day)
Which class of antibiotics share structural similarities and similar antibacterial properties and adverse effects?
Chemical antibiotics
Which antibiotic is considered a safe alternative to penicillin drugs?
Erythromycin
What do you call medications that slow down bacteria growth?
Bacteriostatic
What is the prototype drug for the fluoroquinolones class?
Ciprofloxacin
Which of the following is NOT listed as a contraindication for fluoroquinolones?
Hypertension
What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?
Bacteriostatic; inhibits bacterial growth by preventing folic acid synthesis
Which adverse effect is NOT associated with fluoroquinolones?
Hypertension
What is the primary route of excretion for ciprofloxacin?
Kidneys
Why have sulfonamide usage reduced over time?
Increased resistance in bacteria
Test your knowledge on how the complement system and host defense mechanisms respond to infections, as well as factors influencing the body's ability to fight off pathogens. Explore acquired resistance and the effects of anti-infective drugs.
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