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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT considered a physical barrier against invasive microbes?
Which of the following is NOT considered a physical barrier against invasive microbes?
- Keratinocytes
- Enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract (correct)
- Cilia
- Epidermis
What are the three types of barriers that provide the first line of defense against the entry of microbes?
What are the three types of barriers that provide the first line of defense against the entry of microbes?
- Mechanical, chemical, and biological barriers
- Mechanical, chemical, and physiological barriers
- Physical, chemical, and biological barriers (correct)
- Mechanical, physical, and biological barriers
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source of molecules that can injure body cells and tissues?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source of molecules that can injure body cells and tissues?
- Antibiotics (correct)
- Molecules from the environment
- Venoms
- Microbes
What do the mechanical barriers in the body do?
What do the mechanical barriers in the body do?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a mechanical barrier that protects the body against invasive microbes?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a mechanical barrier that protects the body against invasive microbes?
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Study Notes
Barriers Against Invasive Microbes
- The skin and mucous membranes are the first line of defense against the entry of microbes, providing a physical barrier.
Types of Barriers
- There are three types of barriers that provide the first line of defense against the entry of microbes:
- Physical barriers (e.g., skin, mucous membranes)
- Mechanical barriers (e.g., cilia in the respiratory tract, eyelashes)
- Chemical barriers (e.g., lysozyme in tears, acidity of stomach acid)
Sources of Harmful Molecules
- There are several sources of molecules that can injure body cells and tissues, including:
- Exogenous substances (e.g., toxins, chemicals)
- Endogenous substances (e.g., free radicals, lactic acid)
Mechanical Barriers
- Mechanical barriers in the body prevent the entry of microbes by physically blocking their path or removing them from the body.
- Examples of mechanical barriers include:
- Cilia in the respiratory tract (trap and remove particles and microbes)
- Eyelashes (help keep dust and microbes out of the eyes)
- The conjunctiva is NOT a mechanical barrier that protects the body against invasive microbes.
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