Infection and Immune Response
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reservoir of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

  • Vascular access devices
  • Anterior nares (correct)
  • Open wounds
  • Indwelling urinary catheters

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections?

  • Family history of VRE (correct)
  • Immunosuppression
  • Prolonged stay in hospital
  • Abdominal surgery

Which type of MRSA is most commonly associated with healthy, non-hospitalized people?

  • CRE
  • HA-MRSA
  • VRE
  • CA-MRSA (correct)

What is the primary mode of transmission of MRSA in healthcare settings?

<p>Direct contact with infected patients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recommended practice to reduce the spread of MRSA and other MDROs?

<p>Performing frequent hand hygiene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of antimicrobial resistance in biofilm-producing microorganisms?

<p>Glycocalyx-mediated protection from antimicrobials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for wearing gloves when entering the room of a client with MRSA?

<p>To prevent contact with contaminated items or uncontrolled body fluids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a mask not necessary when providing care to a client with MRSA?

<p>MRSA is not transmitted through the air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using dedicated equipment for a client with MRSA?

<p>To prevent cross-contamination of multiple clients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is vancomycin a likely prescribed medication for a client with MRSA?

<p>MRSA is susceptible to vancomycin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of placing a client with MRSA in a private room?

<p>To prevent the spread of infection to other clients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is keeping the door closed not necessary for a client with MRSA?

<p>Airborne precautions are not required for MRSA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an exogenous infection?

<p>Infection caused by a health care worker's contaminated hands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of transmission for respiratory tract infections?

<p>Droplets in the air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of MRSA in hospital and community settings?

<p>Direct contact with infected individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of pathogens to cause severe disease?

<p>Virulence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to use an alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) according to the nurse's teaching?

<p>After administering oral medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of airborne precautions in infection control?

<p>To prevent the spread of airborne pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is an alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) ineffective against Clostridium difficile?

<p>Because it is a spore-forming organism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the genomes of all microorganisms in and on a person?

<p>Microbiome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client has been diagnosed with a MRSA infection. What is the most likely source of transmission?

<p>Direct contact with an infected healthcare worker (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the invasion of pathogens into a host?

<p>Infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common situation where the nurse would teach to wash hands with soap and water instead of using an ABHR?

<p>After using the bathroom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective means of infection control in healthcare settings?

<p>Hand hygiene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which client is at highest risk for infection according to the nurse?

<p>A client with a urinary catheter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an infection acquired in a hospital setting that is not present or incubating at admission?

<p>Healthcare-associated infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of pathogens to spread from person to person?

<p>Communicability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the body's natural defense against infection, including intact skin and mucous membranes?

<p>Physiologic defenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following clients is most likely to have a compromised immune system?

<p>A 34-year-old with chronic kidney disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor plays a significant role in determining a client's risk of infection?

<p>Immune status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is likely to depress the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infection?

<p>Chronic physical and psychological stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of precaution is necessary when caring for a client with MRSA?

<p>Contact precaution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a client with chronic kidney disease at a higher risk of developing immunologic deficiencies?

<p>Due to the client's acquired health problem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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