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Immunology and HIV Infection

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the Western blot test in HIV screening?

To confirm the presence of HIV antibodies in an individual. (correct)

To screen for HIV in resource-poor countries.

To detect the virus in organ transplant or blood transfusion donors.

To determine the stage of HIV infection.

What is the primary issue with antibody-type testing for HIV?

The tests are only available for home testing and not in clinical settings.

The tests are not accurate enough to detect the virus.

There is a delay between infection and the appearance of detectable antibodies. (correct)

The tests require a large amount of blood from the individual.

What is the estimated percentage of HIV-positive Americans who are unaware of their infection?

20%

13% (correct)

10%

What is the common name of the rapid HIV test that can use an oral swab?

OraQuick Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take to obtain results from rapid HIV tests?

20 to 30 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) in HIV screening?

To add confirmation to the Western blot test Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the time between infection and the appearance of detectable antibodies?

Window of time Signup and view all the answers

Why can the recipient of an organ transplant or a blood transfusion become infected with HIV despite negative antibody tests?

The donor had a window of time between infection and seroconversion. Signup and view all the answers

What type of samples are used for rapid HIV tests?

Urine or fingerstick amounts of blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 13% of HIV-positive Americans who are unaware of their infection?

They are more likely to transmit the virus to others. Signup and view all the answers