Infant Memory Development

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Questions and Answers

What is deferred imitation in the context of infant development?

The ability to recall verbal instructions.

The ability to understand complex sentences.

The ability to remember and imitate actions observed earlier. (correct)

The ability to mimic sounds after hearing them.

At what age can infants generally remember and imitate behaviors for up to three months?

Thirteen months (correct)

Six months

Twenty months

Sixteen months

What is the phenomenon termed when adults are unable to recall events from their earliest years?

Cognitive amnesia

Childhood memory loss

Memory regression

Infantile amnesia (correct)

One explanation for infantile amnesia suggests that infants store memories in which form?

Pre-verbal form (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to one theory, why might infants struggle to organize memories as events that happened to them?

Lack of a developed sense of self. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How long can infants aged sixteen to twenty months retain memories of new behaviors they observe?

One year (D) Signup and view all the answers

What key aspect is hypothesized to be missing in infants that affects memory retention during early development?

Sense of self (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role does language play in accessing infant memories according to psychological theories?

Language creates confusion in memory access. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used by Rovee-Collier to test infant memory?

Connecting a ribbon to the infant's foot and a mobile (C) Signup and view all the answers

At which age can infants remember how to make the mobile move for more than two weeks?

Six months (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do young infants primarily rely on cues for memory recall?

By recognizing the original mobile they learned from (B) Signup and view all the answers

What significant cognitive ability develops around six to nine months of age in infants?

The capability to remember and imitate behaviors they have only observed (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key limitation of infant memory observed between two and six months?

Infants cannot remember actions performed in different contexts (C) Signup and view all the answers

What developmental stage is associated with infants being able to imitate sequences of behaviors they observed?

Six to nine months (D) Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of memory is evident in two-month-old infants according to Rovee-Collier's findings?

They can remember how to make the mobile move for up to two days (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does an infant's memory change as they grow older, particularly past six months?

They develop the ability to recall events without reminders (B) Signup and view all the answers

What do newborns show a preference for looking at?

Human face-like forms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What ability do infants demonstrate within the first few hours after birth?

Mimicking certain facial expressions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What physical traits of babies seem to appeal to adults and evoke caregiving behaviors?

Large heads and round cheeks (B) Signup and view all the answers

What role does crying play in an infant's interaction with adults?

It acts as a form of communication for various needs (B) Signup and view all the answers

At what age do infants start to smile socially in response to others?

Between 2-3 months (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one result of an infant's smile directed towards a caregiver?

It suggests recognition and affection (A) Signup and view all the answers

What physiological response does crying invoke in adults?

Increased heart rate and blood pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does smiling at others influence an infant's relationship with caregivers?

It encourages caregivers to respond with affection (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Infant Memory

Infants can remember and imitate new actions, even after a long time.
- Six-month-olds remember for a day.
- Thirteen-month-olds remember for three months.
- Sixteen-to-twenty-month-olds remember for a year.
Adults typically cannot remember events before the age of two or three, known as infantile amnesia.
Theories for infantile amnesia:
- Pre-verbal memories are difficult to access with language.
- Lack of a sense of self to organize memories.
Infants can learn and remember for extended periods, demonstrated by the mobile experiment.
- Two-month-olds remember for two days.
- Three-month-olds remember for a week.
- Six-month-olds remember for more than two weeks.
Infants' memory is context-dependent: they perform better in familiar environments and with familiar stimuli.
Around six to nine months, infants develop a more advanced memory, enabling them to recall objects and events without cues.
Deferred imitation emerges around this age, where infants mimic behaviors observed previously.

Infant Behavior

Newborns prefer looking at human-like faces.
Infants can mimic specific facial expressions from birth, demonstrating a strong learning strategy.
Infants have a "cute" appearance with features like a large head, prominent forehead, large eyes, and round cheeks.
- This elicits caregiving behaviors in adults.
Crying is essential for infant survival and gaining attention.
- It triggers anxiety in adults.
Infants smile in response to stimulation around one month of age.
- Social smiles develop around two-and-a-half to three months, strengthening bond with caregiver.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of infant memory and its development. This quiz covers key aspects such as memory duration in infants, theories of infantile amnesia, and the factors influencing memory recall. Test your understanding of how infants learn and remember events over time.