Industrial Water Softening Methods
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of removing hardness-producing salts from water known as?

  • Water purification
  • Hardness removal
  • Lime soda process
  • Water softening (correct)
  • Which method employs the addition of lime and soda to chemically convert soluble calcium and magnesium salts into insoluble compounds?

  • Soda softening
  • Calcium conversion method
  • Lime-soda process (correct)
  • Magnesium precipitation technique
  • What are the products of the lime-soda process for water softening?

  • Sodium chloride and magnesium carbonate
  • Calcium chloride and magnesium hydroxide
  • Sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide
  • Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide (correct)
  • What reaction takes place when slaked lime is added to water with carbon dioxide?

    <p>$Ca(OH)_2 + CO_2 → CaCO_3 ↓ + H_2O$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method involves the precipitation of calcium and magnesium ions by the addition of lime and soda ash?

    <p>Lime-soda process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when slaked lime reacts with bicarbonate hardness?

    <p>$Ca(OH)_2 + Ca(HCO)_3 → CaCO_3 ↓ + 2H_2O$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is added to remove magnesium non-carbonate hardness?

    <p>Hydrated lime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH required to precipitate Mg(OH)2?

    <p>10.8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to stabilize the excess lime and magnesium hydroxide?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impurity in quicklime?

    <p>Magnesium oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which form is slurry lime written?

    <p>(Ca(OH)2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to entraps the fine precipitates in the COLD LIME-SODA PROCESS?

    <p>Aluminum hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to remove calcium non-carbonate hardness?

    <p>(Na2CO3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is added to stabilize the calcium carbonate?

    <p>(CO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What chemical method uses lime and soda mixed with water at room temperature to remove hardness?

    <p>Cold Lime-soda process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to raise the pH when precipitating Mg(OH)2?

    <p>Lime</p> Signup and view all the answers

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