Industrial Revolution: Living Conditions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was a major issue affecting cleanliness in industrial towns and cities?

  • A lack of public parks
  • High unemployment rates
  • Overpopulation
  • Inadequate rubbish collections (correct)

Families in industrial towns had access to fresh running water.

False (B)

Name one disease that spread due to the filthy conditions in towns and cities.

Cholera

Sewage flowed down streets and into nearby ______.

<p>rivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common living situation for factory workers in industrial towns?

<p>Living in overcrowded small rooms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cities like Sheffield and Manchester had proper rubbish collections during the industrial era.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease was particularly spread due to the filthy conditions in towns?

<p>Cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate population of the middle class in the 1700s and 1800s?

<p>2 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Working class children typically received a formal education at an early age.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class had children that were typically tutored at home until the age of 12?

<p>Upper class</p> Signup and view all the answers

The social structure of the 1700s and 1800s can be described as a ______, with the upper class at the top.

<p>pyramid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the social classes with their respective characteristics:

<p>Upper class = Potentially becoming politicians or religious officials Middle class = Had opportunities for higher education Working class = Often worked as apprentices or factory workers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main roles of magistrates during this time?

<p>Questioning suspects and witnesses in court (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most common execution method during this time was firing squad.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a punishment commonly used for serious crimes aside from execution?

<p>Transportation by ship</p> Signup and view all the answers

More than 200 crimes were punishable by ______ during this time.

<p>execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary responsibility of magistrates during this period?

<p>To question suspects and witnesses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hanging was the most common form of execution during this time.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one common punishment for serious crimes aside from execution?

<p>Transportation by ship</p> Signup and view all the answers

Over 200 crimes could lead to ______ for a guilty person during this time.

<p>execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was responsible for establishing the Metropolitan Police in 1829?

<p>Robert Peel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Bow Street Runners were established in the year 1800.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color was the uniform worn by the Metropolitan Police?

<p>dark blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

Henry Fielding promised to pay the Bow Street Runners a weekly salary of _____.

<p>a guinea</p> Signup and view all the answers

Houses were built in terraces and back-to-back

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to the early police force with their descriptions:

<p>Bow Street Runners = First organized police force in London Metropolitan Police = Established by Robert Peel in 1829 Truncheon = Wooden stick used by policemen Rattle = Tool for signaling attention</p> Signup and view all the answers

The educational opportunities for the upper class were

<p>Private school and university (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The career opportunities for the upper class were

<p>Church, politics (B), Socialites, army officers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the first victim of Jack the Ripper

<p>Mary Ann Nichols</p> Signup and view all the answers

Jack the Ripper second victim was Annie Chapman

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Third victim?

<p>Elizabeth stride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Jack’s fourth?

<p>Catherine Eddowes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mary Jane Kelly was the?

<p>Fifth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were two early nicknames of the metropolitan policemen?

<p>Evil Blue devils (A), Peel's bloody gang (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Back-to-back houses

Houses built in a row, sharing a common wall, to save land and money.

Overcrowding

The practice of having many people living in a small area, often with limited space and resources.

Lack of sewage disposal

Systems for collecting and removing waste, such as sewage, garbage, and litter, were nonexistent in industrial cities.

Disease spread in cities

The spread of contagious diseases like typhoid, tuberculosis, and cholera due to unsanitary conditions.

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Filthy cities

The condition of being extremely dirty and lacking access to fresh water and basic hygiene.

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What were back-to-back houses?

Houses built in a row, sharing a common wall, to save land and money.

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What was the problem of overcrowding?

Many people crammed into small spaces, leading to limited living conditions.

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What was the issue with sanitation in industrial cities?

Lack of facilities like toilets, sewers, rubbish disposal and clean water for homes and streets.

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What were some diseases common in industrial cities?

These diseases spread quickly in overcrowded and insanitary conditions.

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Why were diseases spread in cities?

Sewage flowed in the streets and into rivers used for drinking water, spreading diseases.

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What was the social pyramid?

The social structure of the 1700s and 1800s resembled a pyramid, with the wealthy upper class at the top and the working class at the bottom.

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How many people were in each social class?

The upper class consisted of approximately 100,000 people, the middle class included about 2 million, and the working class comprised around 15 million.

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How did social class affect education and careers?

Educational opportunities and career paths were directly linked to social class, making it harder for those in lower classes to achieve higher-paying jobs.

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What were the educational opportunities for working-class children?

Working-class children often worked as apprentices or factory workers, with limited access to formal education until the late 1800s.

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How did the middle class access education and careers?

Middle-class children received education from tutors or attended grammar school, and had opportunities to pursue higher education, leading to professions like doctors, lawyers, or bankers.

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What was the "watch"?

A group of people patrolling the streets at night to prevent crime.

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Who were magistrates?

Officials in charge of questioning suspects and witnesses in court.

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What was a constable's job?

An official appointed to help the watch and to assist magistrates.

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What is a capital crime?

A crime that carried the death penalty.

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What was transportation?

Sentencing criminals to live in a distant place that Britain controlled, like Australia or Gibraltar.

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What did constables do?

They were officers who helped organize the watch and assist magistrates by trying to apprehend criminals.

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Who were the Bow Street Runners?

A group of men hired by London magistrate Henry Fielding in 1749 to capture criminals. They were one of the first organized policing efforts in England.

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What was the Metropolitan Police?

The first official police force in London, established by Robert Peel in 1829. It replaced the older watch system.

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How was the Metropolitan Police initially received by the public?

They were initially met with resistance and skepticism, earning nicknames like "Peel's bloody gang" and "evil blue devils." Eventually, the public came to respect and trust them as they provided increased security.

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What was the main role of the Metropolitan Police?

They were responsible for arresting criminals, maintaining order, and protecting citizens. Their role was crucial in reducing crime rates in London and other cities.

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How did the Metropolitan Police influence policing across England?

Due to the effectiveness of the London Metropolitan Police, other towns and cities throughout England began to establish their own police forces, leading to nationwide policing by the mid-19th century.

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Study Notes

A Changing Nation

  • Industrial towns like Sheffield, Manchester, Liverpool, and Birmingham were in poor condition.
  • Houses were built in terraces (back-to-back) to save space and money.

Overcrowding

  • Most factory workers' homes were very crowded.
  • Often, five or more people lived in a single small room.
  • Rented from landlords or factory owners.

Filthy Towns and Cities

  • Sewage disposal was a major issue.
  • There were no rubbish collection services.
  • No sewers, litter bins, or fresh running water.
  • No street cleaners.

Death in the Streets

  • Sewage flowed through streets and into rivers.
  • People washed and drank from the same contaminated water sources.
  • This led to the spread of diseases.
  • Common diseases included typhoid, tuberculosis, and cholera.

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Description

Explore the harsh realities faced by factory workers during the Industrial Revolution. This quiz examines overcrowding, sanitation issues, and the spread of diseases in industrial towns. Test your knowledge of how living conditions shaped the lives of many during this transformative period.

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