Industrial Revolution: Domestic to Factory System
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Questions and Answers

Which invention by John Kay significantly increased weaving speed?

  • Flying Shuttle (correct)
  • Power Loom
  • Spinning Frame
  • Spinning Jenny

The domestic system was primarily centered around factories and urban centers.

False (B)

What was the purpose of Richard Arkwright's invention, the Spinning Frame?

To create strong thread rapidly.

The first factory, known as Cromford Mill, was established by __________ in 1771.

<p>Richard Arkwright</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following inventors with their inventions:

<p>John Kay = Flying Shuttle James Hargreaves = Spinning Jenny Richard Arkwright = Spinning Frame Not Applicable = Power Loom</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major innovation did Richard Arkwright introduce in the textile industry?

<p>Factory System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The domestic system involved large factories and urban centers for production.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What invention by James Hargreaves accelerated thread production?

<p>Spinning Jenny</p> Signup and view all the answers

John Kay invented the __________ in 1733, which increased weaving speed.

<p>Flying Shuttle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key consequence of factories being established in towns?

<p>Urbanization and the growth of cities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Steam engines were initially reliable and inexpensive.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the inventors that created an improved steam engine model in 1768?

<p>James Watt and Matthew Boulton</p> Signup and view all the answers

Factories shifted from relying on water wheels to using __________ by 1871.

<p>steam power</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cities with their significance in the industrial era:

<p>Birmingham = An industrial city known for metalworking Sheffield = Famous for steel production Manchester = A hub for cotton textile manufacturing Bolton = Known for its woolen mills</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the telephone?

<p>Alexander Graham Bell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Industrial Revolution was characterized by major changes in how people worked during the 1500s and 1600s.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one invention by Thomas Edison.

<p>electric light bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ is known for inventing dynamite.

<p>Alfred Nobel</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the electric generator?

<p>Michael Faraday (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Industrial Revolution occurred primarily in the 1900s.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant invention is Ada Lovelace known for?

<p>computer programming</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alfred Nobel is known for inventing __________.

<p>dynamite</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which inventor is credited with creating the telephone?

<p>Alexander Graham Bell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Industrial Revolution primarily took place during the 1500s and 1600s.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Thomas Edison invent?

<p>electric light bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ is known for creating the steam engine.

<p>James Watt</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which inventor is known for creating the electric light bulb?

<p>Thomas Edison (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Industrial Revolution primarily occurred in the 1700s and 1800s.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ Lovelace is known as the first computer programmer.

<p>Ada</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant reason for people moving to factory towns?

<p>Regular work and good wages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The majority of factories relied on waterwheels by 1871.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the key figures behind the development of a more effective steam engine in 1768?

<p>James Watt and Matthew Boulton</p> Signup and view all the answers

The shift from water power to steam engines contributed to the growth of industrial towns such as __________.

<p>Birmingham</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

<p>Factory towns = Places where people moved for work and wages Steam engines = Powered factories and machines Industrial towns = Resulted from the growth of factory towns James Watt = Key inventor of an improved steam engine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary reason people moved to factory towns during the Industrial Revolution?

<p>Regular work and good wages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By 1871, waterwheels were the main power source for factories.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one major industrial town that grew as a result of factories.

<p>Manchester</p> Signup and view all the answers

James Watt and Matthew Boulton developed an effective steam engine in the year __________.

<p>1768</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Domestic System

A system where goods were handcrafted in people's homes or small workshops, common in the 1700s.

Flying Shuttle

A machine invented by John Kay in 1733 that significantly increased weaving speed.

Spinning Jenny

A machine invented by James Hargreaves in 1764 that accelerated thread production.

Spinning Frame

A machine developed by Richard Arkwright in 1769 that created strong thread rapidly, requiring water power and a larger space than the home.

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Factory System

A system where goods are produced in factories, replacing the domestic system. It started in the late 1700s and became common in the 1800s.

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Urbanization

The process of people moving from rural areas to towns and cities, primarily driven by the need for work in factories.

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Why did factories need steam engines?

Early factories relied on water power, but it was limited. Steam engines, though initially expensive and unreliable, provided a more powerful and flexible energy source.

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Watt and Boulton's steam engine

James Watt and Matthew Boulton improved the steam engine, making it much more efficient and powerful. This allowed factories to run faster and produce more goods, fueling further growth.

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How did steam power impact towns?

The rise of steam-powered factories led to significant changes in the landscape. Towns near coal mines and waterways grew rapidly, becoming major industrial centers.

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How did factories create towns?

The need for workers and the presence of factories led to the development of towns and cities. These towns provided housing, amenities, and places for recreation for factory workers.

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What was the Industrial Revolution?

A period of significant changes in the way people worked, particularly between the 1700s and 1800s, marked by the introduction of new machines and technologies, leading to factories and mass production.

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Why was there an Industrial Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution was driven by a combination of factors, including population growth, agricultural improvements, a strong empire, skilled businesspeople, brilliant inventors, and abundant natural resources.

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Why was Britain important for the Industrial Revolution?

Britain's vast coal reserves provided the fuel for steam engines, while iron was necessary for building machines and structures.

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What is Urbanization?

The move from rural areas to towns and cities because of the growth of factories and the need for workers.

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Why were Steam Engines important?

Steam engines, which were more powerful and flexible than water power, allowed factories to operate faster and produce more goods, driving further growth.

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How did the steam engine impact factories?

The invention of machines like the steam engine, powered by coal, transformed how factories operated. These engines provided a more powerful and flexible energy source than water power, allowing for faster production and growth.

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How did the Industrial Revolution affect where people lived?

The Industrial Revolution led to significant changes in the way people lived. As factories grew, people moved from rural areas to towns and cities in search of work, causing rapid urbanization.

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Who were some key inventors of the Industrial Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution was a time of extraordinary invention. People like James Watt (steam engine), George Stephenson (locomotive), and Thomas Edison (electric light bulb) made groundbreaking discoveries that shaped the modern world.

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Why did steam engines accelerate the growth of industrial towns?

The shift from water power to steam engines allowed factories to operate in more locations, leading to rapid growth of major industrial towns.

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How did Watt and Boulton's steam engine contribute to factory growth?

James Watt and Matthew Boulton improved the steam engine, making it more efficient and powerful. This allowed factories to produce more goods, driving further growth and the need for more workers.

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How did factory owners contribute to the growth of their towns?

Factory owners built homes, shops, inns, and even schools and entertainment venues for their workers, attracting more people and boosting the town's population.

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How did the demand for workers contribute to urbanization?

The need for workers and services in factory towns led to their expansion. Small villages transformed into large, bustling cities.

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What role did coal play in the growth of specific industrial towns?

The availability of coal deposits drove the growth of industrial towns. Cities like Birmingham, Sheffield, and Manchester thrived near coal mines.

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Why were steam engines important for factories?

Steam engines, though initially slow and expensive, offered a more powerful and reliable energy source than water power. This allowed factories to produce goods faster and more efficiently, leading to a rapid increase in production.

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How did Watt and Boulton's steam engine affect the growth of towns?

The invention of a more efficient steam engine by James Watt and Matthew Boulton made factories run faster and produce more goods. This growth further increased the need for workers and resources, leading to the rapid expansion of industrial towns.

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Why did the use of steam engines lead to the growth of specific towns?

The shift from water power to steam engines allowed factories to operate in locations with access to coal, not just near rivers. This led to the development of new industrial centers in areas with coal deposits, contributing to the rapid growth of towns like Birmingham and Sheffield.

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Study Notes

Domestic System

  • In the 1700s, most goods were handmade in homes or small workshops near homes.
  • This was known as the domestic system.

Cloth-making Machines

  • Cloth merchants profited from the cloth trade and used clever inventions to speed up the cloth-making process.
  • 1733: John Kay invented the Flying Shuttle, enabling weavers to make cloth faster.
  • 1764: James Hargreaves invented the Spinning Jenny, to speed up thread production.
  • 1769: Richard Arkwright invented the Spinning Frame. It produced strong thread quickly but was too large and heavy for homes, requiring a waterwheel for power.

Factory System

  • Richard Arkwright opened the first factory in 1771 (Cromford Mill, Derbyshire).
  • As more factories were built, millions of people left their villages to work in them.
  • By the 1820s, it was clear the domestic system was fading and the factory system was taking over.

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Description

Explore the transition from the domestic system of goods production to the factory system during the Industrial Revolution. Learn about key inventions like the Flying Shuttle, Spinning Jenny, and the origins of factories. Understand how these changes impacted society and work life in the 18th and 19th centuries.

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