Industrial Psychology & Intro to Philosophy

• Industrial psychology studies human behavior in the workplace with the goal of improving company efficiency, worker performance, and well-being.
• Industrial psychology applies psychological theories and principles to work environments.
• Key topics include defining philosophy, its historical development, fundamental issues, and its impact in Latin America.

Preliminary Concepts of Philosophy

• Philosophy is a discipline that examines theoretical and practical problems.
• This is achieved through reflection, criticism, textual interpretation, and reason.

Etymological Definition of Philosophy

• Philosophy comes from two Greek words: "philos," which means love, and "sophia," which means wisdom.
• Etymologically, philosophy means love of wisdom, love for wisdom, and love of knowledge.

Pythagoras of Samos

• Pythagoras of Samos was the first philosopher or person to use the word philosophy.
• He was a Greek philosopher and mathematician who formulated principles that contributed to the development of various disciplines.
• His work influenced later thinkers like Aristotle and Plato.
• Pythagoras believed that numbers were the essence of everything, which led his school to focus on mathematics and geometry.

Thales of Miletus

• Thales of Miletus, who predates Pythagoras, founded Greek philosophy and is considered one of the Seven Sages of Greece.
• He stated that the Earth floats on water and considered water the origin of all things.

Philosophers

• Philosophers are driven by a desire for knowledge, which they gain through reading and research.

Aristotle

• Aristotle was an ancient philosopher who viewed philosophy as a theoretical science studying first principles and causes.
• He is recognized as the father of logic and biology.
• Aristotle's philosophy held that experience is the primary source of knowledge.

Life Perspective

• Knowledge is acquired through reading, while experience comes from daily life, work, human interaction, and interpersonal relationships.

Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein

• Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein was a 20th-century philosopher.
• His work involved establishing less restricted conditions for comparing the similarity between things.
• Wittgenstein's first theory posits a one-to-one relationship between words and things.
• Asserting propositions chaining words to form "images" of reality.
• Semblance, according to him, is characterized by extensive descriptive use.
• Wittgenstein defined philosophy as an activity that clarifies language propositions.

Language Proposition

• It is an expression that affirms or denies something, consisting of a predicate and its complements.

• In linguistics, it is considered a semantic unit from the perspective of its meaning.

• Philosophy is a tool to clarify language and analyze human behavior through knowledge and experience.

René Descartes

• René Descartes was a French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist.
• He is considered the father of analytical geometry and modern philosophy.
• Descartes is known for his famous phrase "Cogito ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am").

Philosophical Problems in Latin America

• Aim is to analyze the major philosophical challenges and their impact on Latin American society.

Main Philosophical Problems in Latin America

• Cultural and Philosophical Dependence: There is a question of whether to continue following European philosophical currents or develop independent thought.
• Identity and Colonialism: Colonialism left a mark on Latin American thought, creating dilemmas about identity and the recognition of indigenous roots versus European heritage.
• Social and Ethical Inequality: It questions how poverty and inequality are justified or criticized by the various philosophical currents in the region.
• Democracy and Power: Philosophical ideas have influenced the construction of just political systems, it questions how corruption and power concentration affect democracy in Latin America.
• Philosophy of Liberation: Philosophy of liberation emerged as a response to oppression and marginalization, advocating social transformation based on the emancipation of oppressed peoples.
• Globalization and Loss of Identity: It questions how Latin American philosophy can respond to the potential loss of local values and customs due to global cultural influence.