Indication of Urinary Catheterization

1. Acute urinary retention
2. Monitoring urine output
3. Bladder drainage
4. Incontinence management
5. delivery of medication

1. Urethral injury/trauma/rupture - in case of pelvic trauma
2. Severe urethral stricture
3. Acute prostatitis

1. Infection - UTIs
2. Trauma/Bleeding
3. Paraphimosis
4. Catheter blockage
5. Latex allergy

<ol> <li>Preparation - explain, get consent, prepare equipment (sterile gloves, catheter, lubricant, antiseptic solution, urine bag), position and privacy</li> <li>Aseptic technique - wear gloves, clean with antiseptic</li> <li>Catheter insertion - lubricate urethra by inject 10ml of 2% lidocaine jelly &amp; wait for 2 min, hold penis in 90 degree with non-dominant hand, insert catheter slowly until Y junction</li> <li>Secure catheter - inflat balloon with syringe filled with 10ml NS. secure catheter to thigh</li> <li>Post- procedure care - connect to drainage bag, monitor urine output and patient education</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Evaluation of rectal bleeding</li> <li>Diagnosis of anorectal disease - IBD, rectal prolapse</li> <li>Screening for colorectal cancer</li> <li>Biopsy collection</li> <li>Therapeutic intervention - ligations or banding of hemorrhoids</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Severe anorectal pain - perianal abscess</li> <li>Recent anorectal surgery</li> <li>Anal stenosis</li> <li>Unwilling patient</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Bleeding</li> <li>Infection</li> <li>Pain or discomfort</li> <li>Vasovagal response</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Preparation</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Explain and obtain informed consent</li> <li>Conduct DRE to assess rectum and anal canal</li> <li>Position (Sim's position - left lateral decubitus)</li> <li>Ensure lighting, equipment (Proctoscope, lubricant, gloves, swabs, biopsy tool if needed)</li> </ul> <ol start="2"> <li>Insertion</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Wear sterile gloves</li> <li>Lubricates proctoscope</li> <li>Informed the patient and asked relax and deep breath</li> </ul> <ol start="3"> <li>Examination</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Inspect mucosa</li> <li>Retract and manipulate to visualise all areas</li> <li>Take biopsy</li> </ul> <ol start="4"> <li>Complete</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Withdraw</li> <li>clean the area</li> <li>thank you patient</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers