Catheterization Techniques and Purpose

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Questions and Answers

What is the procedure for inserting a catheter called?

Catheterization

What is the primary concern when performing catheterization?

Preventing contamination of the bladder

What are the two types of catheters mentioned in the text?

Disposable catheter and reusable catheter

Robinson catheter and a Foley catheter (correct)

Foley catheter and straight catheter

Straight catheter and indwelling catheter (correct)

French scale is used to assess catheter size. The larger the number, the larger the catheter is.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What sterile equipment is essential for performing catheterization?

Sterile gloves, a water-soluble lubricant, a sterile catheter and antiseptic solution (C) Signup and view all the answers

To what position should a female patient be positioned for catheterization?

Supine position, with knees flexed and thighs externally rotated. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cleaning the urethral opening in a female during catheterization?

To prevent contamination and infection. Signup and view all the answers

How do you know if the tip of the catheter has reached the bladder in a female?

The urine begins to flow. Signup and view all the answers

Always inflate a Foley catheter by injecting a prefilled syringe into the valve of the catheter.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

How should the Foley catheter be secured after insertion?

Tape it to the inside of the female''s thigh Signup and view all the answers

How should the drainage bag be secured?

Secure the drainage bag to the bedframe using its hook, suspend it off the floor but keep it below the level of the patient''s bladder. Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for removing a Foley catheter?

To remove the catheter, remove sterile water from the balloon, grasp the catheter near the meatus and gently withdraw the catheter, pinch the catheter while pulling to prevent leakage and pull smoothly. Ask the patient to breathe in and out through the mouth to relax. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring I&O in a patient with a catheter?

To assess catheter function. Signup and view all the answers

The level of the drainage bag should be higher than that of the bladder to ensure proper drainage.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

When should a patient be encouraged to increase their fluid intake?

When they have a catheter in place Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Catheterization

Catheterization involves inserting a catheter through the urethra into the urinary bladder.

Purpose of Catheterization

Relieve discomfort from bladder distension and decompress a swollen bladder.
Assess residual urine if complete bladder emptying is needed.
Obtain urine specimens to check for abnormal constituents and characteristics.
Empty the bladder before surgery to prevent accidental damage to surrounding organs.
Manage incontinence when other methods fail.
Provide intermittent or continuous bladder drainage and irrigation.
Prevent urine from contacting surgical incisions.
Facilitate accurate urine output (UO) measurement.

Points to Consider

Catheterization poses risks of sepsis and trauma, so maintain aseptic technique and insert the catheter gently.
If catheterization is for relieving bladder distension, gradually decompress the bladder.

Types of Catheters

Straight (Robinson) catheter: A single lumen tube with a small eye or opening about 1/2 inch from the insertion tip.
Retention (Foley) catheter: Includes a second smaller tube through its length connected to a balloon near the insertion tip.

Catheter Size

Catheter lumen diameters are graded using French scale numbers.
Larger numbers correlate with larger lumen sizes.
French sizes 8-10 are used for children, and 14, 16, and 18 are common for adults.

Nursing Responsibilities

Perform or delegate catheterization to a trained professional, prioritizing preventing bladder contamination.
Understand the anatomy of the urinary system to prevent urethra damage.
Effectively and safely perform catheterization procedures.
Provide patient education and address anxiety.

Equipment

Lamp or flashlight
Mask (if needed)
Soap, basin of warm water, washcloth, and towel
Disposable gloves
Water-soluble lubricant
Sterile gloves
Blanket/drape, sterile drapes (optional)
Antiseptic solution
Cotton balls or gauze squares
Forceps
Basin for urine
Sterile catheter (straight type)
Specimen container (if required)
Disposal bag for cotton balls

Preparing the Client

Explain the procedure.
Provide privacy by draping.
Palpate the bladder to assess for urinary retention.
Assist the client to a supine position with knees bent and thighs outwardly rotated.

Inserting Catheter in Females

Assemble all equipment: catheter, lubricant, sterile gloves, cleaning supplies, water-filled syringe, and drainage receptacle.
Wash hands and clean the urethral opening. (Clean labia and meatus downward strokes and avoid the anal area).
Apply sterile gloves.
Lubricate the catheter.
Spread the labia and locate the meatus.
Slowly insert the catheter into the meatus.
Gently insert and advance the catheter.

Inserting Straight Catheter

Partially or fully empty the bladder.
Remove the catheter, limiting urine drainage to 700-1000 ml to avoid shock.
Pinch the catheter.
Slowly remove the catheter.
Dry the perineum.
Assess the urine.
Document the catheterization.

Inserting Retention/Foley Catheter

Follow straight catheterization steps up to step 8.
Insert catheter 1 to 2 inches further to ensure balloon inflates in the bladder not in the urethra.
Inflate the balloon by filling the catheter valve with prefilled syringe fluid.
Apply slight tension until resistance is felt.
Tape the catheter to the inner thigh.

Caring for a Patient with a Catheter

Measure I&O to monitor catheter function.
Encourage increased oral fluid intake (3 liters per day).
Maintain a closed system throughout the process.
Maintain the catheter and its external surroundings clean.
Position the drainage bag below the bladder level.
Keep tubing coiled alongside the client.
Keep the drainage bag clear of the floor.
Coil and tape the catheter to prevent pulling.
Monitor insertion site for irritation.
Empty the collection bag regularly (commonly every 8 hours).

Removing a Foley Catheter

Verify the removal order and if a urine specimen is required.
Wash hands for infection control.
Gather necessary equipment.
Explain the procedure to the patient and ensure they understand it won't be painful.
Provide privacy.
Release the balloon by emptying the water.
Gently withdraw the catheter while pinching the catheter tip to prevent outflow.
Gently pull the catheter.
Ask the patient to breathe normally.
Dry the area.

Health Teaching

A mild burning sensation during urination for a short time might occur.
Increased frequency and smaller urine amounts are normal after catheterization.
Nursing professionals should be called to measure urine output regularly within 24 hours for better patient care.
Continuous fluid intake is crucial to maintain bladder and renal function after catheterization.

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Description

This quiz explores the techniques and purposes of catheterization, including its indications and risks. It covers different types of catheters and the importance of maintaining aseptic technique during the procedure. Test your knowledge on the best practices for effective bladder management.