Indian Removal Act and Cherokee Nation

The Indian Removal Act forced the removal of Native Americans from their land to make room for white settlers.

A Supreme Court case that upheld the Cherokee Nation's right to self-governance and their land.

The Cherokee Nation lost much of their land in this treaty, which was forced upon them by the US government.

Many Cherokees died during the removal process due to disease, harsh conditions and lack of resources.

This was the designated area where Native Americans were forcibly relocated. It is now known as Oklahoma.

The 1st Seminole Wars, fought from 1817-1818, involved conflicts between the US and Seminole Indians in Florida. General Andrew Jackson, defying orders from President Monroe, chased Seminole Indians, who had allied with the Spanish, into Florida.

The Adams-Onis Treaty, signed in 1819, transferred Florida from Spain to the United States. This treaty established a clear border between the two nations. It was a direct result of Jackson's actions in Florida during the First Seminole Wars.

The Cherokee assimilation efforts aimed to prove they deserved to remain on their land by adopting white American cultural practices. They adopted farming, sought formal education, and even published a newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix. However, these attempts ultimately failed to prevent the forced removal.

The Indian Removal Act, signed in 1830, mandated the relocation of Native American tribes from their eastern lands to the west. This forced relocation led to the Trail of Tears, where thousands of Native Americans died during this journey. The impact was devastating for Native Americans, as they lost their ancestral lands and suffered unimaginable hardship.

Cherokee leader who signed the Treaty of New Echota, despite opposition from many Cherokee people.

The treaty that allowed for Cherokee removal to Indian Territory, despite many Cherokee people opposing it.

The US Army general ordered to remove the Cherokee people from their ancestral lands.

The event where the Cherokee people were forcefully relocated to Indian Territory, leading to significant suffering and loss of life.

The 2nd Seminole Wars were a conflict between the Seminole people and the United States from 1835 to 1842. The Seminoles, a strong and determined group, fought back against the US government's attempts to relocate them from their ancestral lands in Florida.

A fierce and skilled Seminole leader, Chief Osceola played a critical role in the 2nd Seminole Wars. He led his people in a determined fight against US forces for their homeland in Florida.

The Dade Massacre was a tragic event that occurred during the 2nd Seminole Wars. A US Army unit led by Major Francis Dade was ambushed by Seminoles, leading to the deaths of almost all of Dade's men.

During the 2nd Seminole Wars, the Seminoles used a guerilla warfare strategy. This meant they used hit-and-run tactics to attack US forces, taking advantage of their knowledge of the territory to ambush and harass the enemy.

Black Seminoles, a group of African Americans who had escaped slavery and formed their own communities with the Seminoles, were integral to the 2nd Seminole Wars. They fought alongside the Seminole people against the US, proving their courage and skill.

A national bank chartered by Congress, offering a uniform currency and overseen by private bankers and the government.

Andrew Jackson's opposition to the Second National Bank, believing it concentrated too much power and wealth among a select few.

The president of the Second National Bank during the Bank War, known for his strong leadership and influence.

Supporters of the Second National Bank, including prominent politicians who believed it promoted national economic stability.

Andrew Jackson's strong dislike for the Second National Bank and its president, leading to a major political showdown.

The Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw tribes were known as the "Five Civilized Tribes" because they adapted many aspects of white American culture, including farming and education.

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 authorized the forced relocation of Native American tribes from their homelands in the East to lands west of the Mississippi River.

The Trail of Tears was the devastating journey of the Cherokee people from their homelands in Georgia and North Carolina to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). The forced relocation resulted in the deaths of thousands of Cherokee people due to disease, starvation, and exposure.

White settlers wanted Native Americans to be relocated because they coveted their land and resources, wanting to expand westward and secure more territory for themselves.

The forced relocation of Native Americans, particularly the Trail of Tears, resulted in the loss of their ancestral lands, culture, and way of life.

Clay and Webster, aware of the public backlash against the Bank, persuaded Biddle to renew the Bank charter earlier than necessary, aiming to create a scenario where Henry Clay would be blamed for the Bank's actions and ultimately lose the 1832 election.

The Second Bank of the United States, a powerful financial institution, was a source of controversy due to its perceived dominance and influence in the economy.

The "Bank War" refers to the political struggle between President Andrew Jackson and the Second Bank of the United States. Jackson believed the Bank was a symbol of elite power and a threat to the common man.

The "Bank War" resulted in the demise of the Second Bank of the United States. Ultimately, Jackson's veto of the bank's re-charter bill in 1832 solidified his political stance against the Bank and contributed to the development of a more decentralized banking system.

They were recognized as a distinct nation with rights to their own land and self-governance.

He defied the Supreme Court's ruling and sided with Georgia to forcibly remove the Cherokee from their homeland.

The journey was harsh, full of disease, lack of resources, and difficult weather conditions, leading to thousands of deaths.

The Cherokee endured immense suffering and loss of life during their forced removal, with many dying en route.

It highlighted the disregard for Native American rights and the devastating consequences of their forced removal.

The Second Bank of the United States was a private bank run by bankers, not a government entity.

President Andrew Jackson opposed the Second Bank of the United States, believing it gave too much power to wealthy elites.

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Second Bank of the United States in the case McCulloch v. Maryland.

President Jackson vetoed the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States in 1832.

Jackson's war against the Bank was part of a larger struggle over the role of the federal government in the economy.

President Jackson's decision to keep government funds in the Bank of the United States (BUS) contributed to the Panic of 1837, a severe economic downturn.

The federal government stopped accepting banknotes issued by state banks as payment for buying public land, leading to a financial crisis and the Panic of 1837.

President Van Buren believed in limited government intervention in the economy, arguing that the federal government should not heavily regulate economic activity.

A new federal treasury system was proposed to prevent private banks from using government funds to back their banknotes. This aimed to create a more stable and independent financial system.

Andrew Jackson's policies, including his opposition to the Bank of the United States and limited government intervention, influenced the Panic of 1837, a severe economic downturn.