Indian Parliament and Democratic Governance

The process by which the Parliament creates and passes new laws.

Power to change the Constitution. Requires special majority approval from both Houses.

The process by which the Parliament ensures that the executive branch of government, which includes the Prime Minister and their Cabinet, does not abuse its power and remains accountable to the people.

The Parliament can propose and implement alterations to the Indian Constitution.

The process by which the Parliament manages the government's finances, including approving the budget and collecting taxes.

Parliament elects the President and Vice President of India.

Parliament reviews proposals for removing the President, Vice President, and Judges from their positions.

The lower house of the Indian Parliament, composed of elected representatives from across the country. It is the more powerful of the two houses.

The lower house of India's bicameral legislature. Responsible for making laws, approving budgets, and holding the government accountable.

The upper house of the Indian Parliament, composed of members elected indirectly by the state legislatures. It has the power to review bills passed by the Lok Sabha.

The upper house of India's bicameral legislature. Has the power to review and amend laws passed by the Lok Sabha, and plays a significant role in constitutional amendments.

A formal proposal for a new law.

Bills related to the spending and finances of the government. They must be approved by both the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

The group of ministers responsible for the day-to-day running of the government.

The head of the government, chosen by the President of India.

Any bill that is not a money bill. It can be introduced in either house.

The body of elected representatives responsible for making laws, representing the people, holding the government accountable, and debating important issues.

In India, the Parliament is the supreme legislative body. It creates and amends laws, controls the government's actions, and promotes public scrutiny.

The Parliament of India consists of two houses: Lok Sabha (House of the People or Lower House) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States or Upper House).

The Lok Sabha, with more elected members, represents the people directly through elections in their constituencies.

The Rajya Sabha, with members nominated by state governments, represents state interests and provides a space for in-depth discussions.

The Parliament is the ultimate authority for enacting laws. It goes through various stages, including introduction, debate, amendments, and voting.

The Parliament can question the government's actions, hold debates, and even pass motions of no confidence to dismiss the government.

The Parliament has rules for its own functioning, such as procedures for debates, voting, and disciplinary actions.

The Lok Sabha is the more powerful House in India's bicameral legislature because it holds the control over finances.

Parliament makes laws through a specific process, beginning with a bill.

The Lok Sabha has the key responsibility of approving the government's budget.

The Lok Sabha is the most powerful chamber because it ultimately decides whether a bill becomes law.

A bill may be discussed in the House itself or be sent to a committee for further review.

Parliament's role in law-making involves proposing bills, debating and amending them, and ultimately passing them into law.

The Anti-Defection Law aims to prevent elected officials from switching parties for personal gain. It helps ensure party discipline and stability.

Dolly argues that Parliament's effectiveness is declining due to less time spent on debate and more disruptions. Sudha believes the frequent change of governments demonstrates Parliament's vitality.

The process of a bill becoming a law involves various stages, including introduction, discussion, voting, referral to other houses and the president's approval.

The process of a bill becoming a law involves various stages, with the bill needing to pass through both houses of parliament and receive presidential approval.

Parliamentary committees help scrutinize bills, ensuring their quality and effectiveness. They provide expert opinions and recommendations.

The act of a legislator leaving their original political party after being elected. This can happen when a politician disagrees with their party or seeks to join a party that aligns better with their views.

A change in the Constitution that was made to address the issue of defection. This amendment restricts elected officials from switching parties after winning elections.

The person who presides over the legislative meetings, like a speaker in the House of Representatives. They are responsible for maintaining order and making sure the discussions are conducted fairly.

The authority who decides if a politician has violated the anti-defection law by changing parties. Their decision is binding and can lead to losing the elected position.

The action of a politician remaining absent from parliamentary proceedings when their party wants them to be present, or voting against their party's instructions. This can be considered a form of defection.

The situation where political parties in India have gained more control over their members due to the anti-defection law. This means that the party leadership has greater power and authority over elected officials.

The Indian Parliament consists of members from various backgrounds, languages, religions, and regions. This diverse composition reflects the inclusive nature of Indian democracy.