The making of the national movement

False (B)

India belonged to all its people, irrespective of class, colour, caste, creed, language, or gender.

<p>resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>British conquest of territories and takeover of kingdoms = Created a sense of shared grievance and resistance against foreign rule Introduction of new laws and administrative institutions = Led to feelings of being governed by a foreign system and a lack of control over their own affairs Changes in the lives of peasants and tribals = Contributed to economic distress and social disruption, furthering dissatisfaction with British rule Decline of crafts and growth of industries = Exacerbated economic disparities and fueled resentment against British economic policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the drain of wealth to England. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The early Congress was critical of the impact of British rule on the Indian economy and raised issues like poverty and famines due to increased land revenue and export of grains to Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased military expenditure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Repeal = To undo law; to officially end the validity of something such as a law Indianisation = The process of giving Indians positions of responsibility in government and administration. Drain of wealth = The flow of money from a colony to the colonizing country. Zamindars = Landowners in India who collected revenue from peasants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cut</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The early Congress pointed out the suffering of forest dwellers due to an interfering forest administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A decline in the Indian population due to war casualties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ideas of socialism and peasants' and workers' struggles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>South Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many Indian soldiers returned from the war with an understanding of how imperialist powers exploited people in Asia and Africa, fueling their desire to oppose colonial rule in India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To organize protests against the British government. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Jallianwala Bagh massacre.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>knighthood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Satyagraha = A form of non-violent resistance Hartal = A general strike or complete shutdown Knighthood = An honor bestowed by the British Crown Jallianwala Bagh = A public garden in Amritsar where the massacre took place</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Land (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The peasants of Pratapgarh in the United Provinces successfully stopped illegal evictions of tenants, attributing their success to Gandhiji.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tribals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zamindars = Landowners who were often in conflict with agricultural laborers Agricultural Laborers = People who believed Gandhiji would provide them with land Gandhiji = A leader whose name was often used by people to justify their actions, even if those actions didn't align with Gandhian ideals Peasants of Pratapgarh = A group of people who successfully stopped illegal evictions, crediting Gandhiji for their success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Religious beliefs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The text explores how ordinary people, particularly agricultural laborers and tribals, perceived Gandhiji and used his name to legitimize their own actions, regardless of whether these actions aligned with his principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>wahadat-i-deen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rajaji was a veteran nationalist, a leader of the Salt Satyagraha in the south, served in the Interim Government of 1946, and was the first Indian Governor-General of free India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>peasant-proprietor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Azad = Advocated for Hindu-Muslim unity and wahadat-i-deen C. Rajagopalachari = Leader of the Salt Satyagraha in the south, served as the first Indian Governor-General Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel = Played a crucial role in negotiations for independence and the integration of princely states into India</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was a staunch advocate of the two-nation theory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Important positions in India held exclusively by whites during British rule.

It means to officially end the validity of a law or regulation.

The process aimed at replacing British officials with Indians in government roles.

Early Congress highlighted issues like poverty and famines due to British rule.

A rise in taxes on land that worsened the condition of peasants and zamindars.

Exporting food to Europe, which led to food shortages in India.

A demand for reduced military spending to redirect funds to other areas like irrigation.

Congress passed resolutions regarding unfair salt taxation and its implications.

The war increased demand for industrial goods in India and decreased imports.

During the war, Indian industries grew to meet increased demands.

Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in 1915 after his work in South Africa.

Villages were pressured to supply soldiers for the British army during the war.

Many soldiers returned with anti-colonial sentiments after serving abroad.

News of the Russian Revolution inspired Indian nationalists and spread socialist ideas.

Before returning, Gandhi led non-violent protests in South Africa against racism.

Gandhi's movement included diverse Indian communities and religions.

The period when British forces took control of Indian territories and kingdoms.

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a nation.

A significant movement in 1942 demanding an end to British rule in India.

Concept highlighting that India includes all people regardless of differences.

The British exercised power over India's natural and human resources.

Changes aimed at improving the societal conditions in India, especially for women and lower castes.

Movements and efforts aimed at questioning and dismantling traditional caste hierarchies.

An uprising against the British East India Company's rule, marking the first major resistance.

Organizations established to promote peaceful resistance against British rule during the Indian independence movement.

The first nationwide protest against repressive British policies, launched in 1919.

A brutal attack on a peaceful gathering in Amritsar by General Dyer on April 13, 1919.

Tagore renounced his knighthood in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

The call for Hindus and Muslims to unite against British rule, emphasized during the Rowlatt Satyagraha.

Gandhi saw India as a land of all religions and pushed for communal harmony.

Protests involving a general strike, used during the Rowlatt Satyagraha to oppose British actions.

The harsh measures taken by British authorities against the protests of Rowlatt Satyagraha participants.

Ordinary people credited Gandhi with their achievements in social movements.

Peasants in Pratapgarh stopped illegal eviction of tenants, attributing success to Gandhi.

Landlords in India during British rule, often involved in disputes with peasants.

Philosophies and principles followed by Gandhi, emphasizing non-violence and truth.

Tribal communities sometimes acted in Gandhi's name without adhering to his principles.

A demand for land among agricultural laborers believed Gandhi would support.

Movements led by peasants were often attributed to Gandhi's influence.

Use of Gandhi’s name by communities during protests, sometimes misaligned with his beliefs.

Azad promoted the oneness of all religions (wahadat-i-deen).

Jinnah’s idea that Hindus and Muslims are separate nations.

Leader of the Salt Satyagraha and first Indian Governor-General.

Non-violent protests led by Gandhi, including the Salt Satyagraha.

Key figure in Indian independence negotiations from 1945-47.

The concept of Hindus and Muslims coexisting peacefully in India.

Transitional government before Indian independence.

1944 discussions aimed at resolving differences between Hindus and Muslims.