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Questions and Answers
What was one of the key demands of the Indian educated middle class regarding civil service examinations?
What was one of the key demands of the Indian educated middle class regarding civil service examinations?
Which repressive measure was implemented to punish disaffection towards the government?
Which repressive measure was implemented to punish disaffection towards the government?
Which act enacted during the viceroyalty of Ripon sought to empower Indian judges to try Europeans?
Which act enacted during the viceroyalty of Ripon sought to empower Indian judges to try Europeans?
What was one significant economic measure that led to nationwide discontent?
What was one significant economic measure that led to nationwide discontent?
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What did Aurobindo Ghose believe was the mission of nationalism?
What did Aurobindo Ghose believe was the mission of nationalism?
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What was the purpose of the Vernacular Press Act of 1878?
What was the purpose of the Vernacular Press Act of 1878?
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How did the British government respond to the Ilbert Bill?
How did the British government respond to the Ilbert Bill?
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What was the significance of the Madras Native Association?
What was the significance of the Madras Native Association?
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What was the primary purpose of the swadeshi movement of 1905?
What was the primary purpose of the swadeshi movement of 1905?
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Who was a prominent figure associated with the swadeshi movement?
Who was a prominent figure associated with the swadeshi movement?
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How did both Moderates and Radicals view their role in the swadeshi movement?
How did both Moderates and Radicals view their role in the swadeshi movement?
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What legal charge was Bal Gangadhar Tilak arrested under?
What legal charge was Bal Gangadhar Tilak arrested under?
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What did the swadeshi movement emphasize in its methodology?
What did the swadeshi movement emphasize in its methodology?
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Which of the following was NOT a focus of the swadeshi movement?
Which of the following was NOT a focus of the swadeshi movement?
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Who is known as the 'Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism'?
Who is known as the 'Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism'?
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What shared sentiment united both Moderates and Radicals in the independence movement?
What shared sentiment united both Moderates and Radicals in the independence movement?
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What was a major demand of the Indian National Congress (INC)?
What was a major demand of the Indian National Congress (INC)?
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Which groups primarily made up the early nationalists in the INC?
Which groups primarily made up the early nationalists in the INC?
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How did the membership of the INC contribute to its character as a national organization?
How did the membership of the INC contribute to its character as a national organization?
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What strategy did the early nationalists in the INC adopt to express their demands?
What strategy did the early nationalists in the INC adopt to express their demands?
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What was the understanding of colonialism among early nationalists when the INC was formed?
What was the understanding of colonialism among early nationalists when the INC was formed?
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What nickname did the early nationalists in the INC earn due to their methods?
What nickname did the early nationalists in the INC earn due to their methods?
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What was one key characteristic of the INC at its formation?
What was one key characteristic of the INC at its formation?
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What was the goal of the early nationalists regarding the notion of 'we' as a nation?
What was the goal of the early nationalists regarding the notion of 'we' as a nation?
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What was the main intention of Curzon regarding the partition of Bengal?
What was the main intention of Curzon regarding the partition of Bengal?
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What was the response of leaders like Surendranath Banerjee to the partition announcement?
What was the response of leaders like Surendranath Banerjee to the partition announcement?
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Which divisions were included in the proposed new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam?
Which divisions were included in the proposed new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam?
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What was Curzon's stance on division based on linguistic lines?
What was Curzon's stance on division based on linguistic lines?
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When was the partition of Bengal officially declared?
When was the partition of Bengal officially declared?
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What was one of the consequences of the partition of Bengal?
What was one of the consequences of the partition of Bengal?
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How did the British government plan to influence public opinion regarding the partition?
How did the British government plan to influence public opinion regarding the partition?
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What was one proposed alternative to the partition of Bengal that was ignored?
What was one proposed alternative to the partition of Bengal that was ignored?
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What was Surendranath Banerjea's role in the Indian National Congress (INC)?
What was Surendranath Banerjea's role in the Indian National Congress (INC)?
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What concept did Dadabhai Naoroji introduce in his book?
What concept did Dadabhai Naoroji introduce in his book?
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Which factors contributed to the growth of nationalism in India, according to the content?
Which factors contributed to the growth of nationalism in India, according to the content?
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What organization did Dadabhai Naoroji help to establish in 1852?
What organization did Dadabhai Naoroji help to establish in 1852?
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What was Naoroji's argument regarding the taxes collected in British India?
What was Naoroji's argument regarding the taxes collected in British India?
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What criticism did Naoroji make about exports from India to Britain?
What criticism did Naoroji make about exports from India to Britain?
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Which of the following was not mentioned as an organization formed by modern intelligentsia?
Which of the following was not mentioned as an organization formed by modern intelligentsia?
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What was the primary aim of the organizations mentioned, such as the Indian National Congress?
What was the primary aim of the organizations mentioned, such as the Indian National Congress?
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Which statement is correct regarding the historical significance of the English Education Act of 1843?
Which statement is correct regarding the historical significance of the English Education Act of 1843?
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Which association was founded first in the given chronological sequence?
Which association was founded first in the given chronological sequence?
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What was one of the immediate impacts of the Orissa famine of 1866?
What was one of the immediate impacts of the Orissa famine of 1866?
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According to the details provided, which statement correctly matches with the abolition of slavery in 1859?
According to the details provided, which statement correctly matches with the abolition of slavery in 1859?
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Who is recognized as the founder of the Indian National Congress?
Who is recognized as the founder of the Indian National Congress?
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Which statement about the Madras Mahajana Sabha is true based on its historical context?
Which statement about the Madras Mahajana Sabha is true based on its historical context?
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During the Orissa famine, how much rice was reportedly exported by the British?
During the Orissa famine, how much rice was reportedly exported by the British?
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Which of the following statements about the Indigo revolt of 1835 is accurate?
Which of the following statements about the Indigo revolt of 1835 is accurate?
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Study Notes
Indian National Movement
- Early Nationalists' Demands: Indian educated middle class sought simultaneous civil service exams in India, but the Imperial government refused.
- Repressive Measures: Regulations like Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code (punishing disaffection) and the Vernacular Press Act (censoring the press) faced protests. Abolition of cotton import duty and levy on Indian cotton fabric sparked nationwide discontent. The Ilbert Bill, allowing Indian judges to try Europeans, was amended due to European resistance.
- Formation of Indian National Congress (INC): INC served as a common platform for various movements, garnering political workers from across India. Though small (under a hundred members), it had all-India representation, mobilizing people nationally. A major objective was Indian representation in government. Opposition to the Partition of Bengal in 1905 (discussed in next lesson) led to the swadeshi movement, promoting swadeshi enterprise, national education, self-help, and use of Indian languages as well as mass mobilization and boycott of British institutions and goods.
- Moderates and Radicals: Both Moderates and Radicals aimed to foster nationalist consciousness through various means, including the press. They shared the view of needing to educate the populace and sought constitutional methods, like petitions, to achieve their aims.
- Contributions of Early Nationalists: Early nationalists, mainly lawyers, teachers, doctors, journalists, and others, used constitutional methods (petitions, prayers, etc), earning the moniker "Moderates." They laid groundwork for the idea of a unified nation and developed indigenous methods. Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a key figure, used his newspapers to articulate discontent against colonial rule and encouraged national resistance. He was arrested for sedition. Concepts surrounding civil liberty (freedom of expression, press) became central to the freedom struggle.
- Drain of Wealth Theory (Naoroji): Dadabhai Naoroji, a prominent early nationalist, argued that British rule caused a drain of wealth from India. He contended that tax revenue collected in India was primarily spent in England, not on India's welfare. This was illustrated by India exporting a significant amount of goods to Britain in a given timeframe, without a corresponding return.
- Partition of Bengal: Lord Curzon's partition aimed to suppress political activities and create a Hindu-Muslim divide. The plan disregarded linguistic considerations and proposals put forth by colonial officials, and ignored the proposed linguistic division of Bengal and focused on partition along religious lines.
- Indian Associations: Important examples of early Indian associations include the Madras Native Association (1852), Madras Mahajana Sabha (1884), and the Indian National Congress (1885).
Key Figures and Events
- Dadabhai Naoroji: A key early nationalist, known as the "Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism," who campaigned extensively for Indian interests, notably through his book Poverty and Un-British Rule in India.
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak: A significant figure, who used his newspapers to voice discontent and advocate for national resistance against British rule.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Indian National Movement, including key events, demands of early nationalists, and the formation of the Indian National Congress. Explore the various measures that sparked protests and the significance of the swadeshi movement. This quiz will challenge your understanding of India's struggle for independence.
