Making of the National Movement: Class 8 History Quiz

The Making of the National Movement: Class 8 History Chapter

Partition of Bengal

The partition of Bengal in 1905 was a significant event that marked the beginning of the national movement in India. The partition aimed to weaken the Bengali nationalist movement and increase the British hold on India. However, it instead led to widespread protests and resistance. The partition of Bengal was a turning point in the history of India, as it sparked a wave of nationalism and gave rise to the Indian National Congress.

Swadeshi Movement

The Swadeshi Movement was an economic and cultural nationalist movement that emerged in response to the partition of Bengal. It was a call to boycott foreign goods and promote local products. The movement gained momentum as people across India began to realize the importance of self-reliance and the need to support their own economy. The Swadeshi Movement played a vital role in the development of the national movement and contributed to the growth of the Indian National Congress.

Role of Indian National Congress

The Indian National Congress was a political organization that played a crucial role in the national movement. It was founded in 1885 and was initially focused on promoting political awareness and reforms. However, with the onset of the national movement, the Congress became the leading force in the struggle for Indian independence. The Congress was instrumental in organizing protests, boycotts, and other forms of resistance against British rule. It also provided a platform for various regional and social groups to come together and work towards a common goal of national freedom.

Popularity of Extremist Leaders

The partition of Bengal and the Swadeshi Movement also gave rise to extremist leaders who advocated for more radical methods of resistance against the British. Leaders like Lala Lajpat Rai, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak gained popularity as they called for direct action and armed resistance. The popularity of these leaders was a reflection of the growing disillusionment with the British and the increasing radicalization of the national movement.

Growth of Revolutionary Terrorism

The growing radicalization of the national movement led to the rise of revolutionary terrorism. Groups like the Indian Revolutionary Army and the Ghadar Party carried out attacks on British targets and even attempted to stage an armed revolt. The growth of revolutionary terrorism was a significant development in the national movement, as it marked a shift from peaceful resistance to more violent methods. This led to increased repression by the British and heightened tensions between the two sides.

In conclusion, the making of the national movement in India was a complex process that involved various factors and events. The partition of Bengal, the Swadeshi Movement, the role of the Indian National Congress, the popularity of extremist leaders, and the growth of revolutionary terrorism were all significant aspects of this process. The national movement was a long and arduous journey towards Indian independence, and it required the collective efforts of millions of people over several decades.