Indian Independence Movement: Khilafat Issue
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary demand of the peasant movement in Awadh?

  • Social boycott of oppressive landlords only
  • Abolition of begar and reduction of revenue (correct)
  • Complete abolishment of landlords
  • Security of tenure for tenants only

    • Who led the peasant movement in Awadh?

  • Jawaharlal Nehru
  • A local talukdar
  • Gandhiji
  • Baba Ramchandra (correct)

    • What was the consequence of not paying rent to landlords?

  • Regular eviction (correct)
  • Reduction of begar
  • Security of tenure
  • Increase in revenue

    • What was the outcome of the Oudh Kisan Sabha being set up?

    <p>Over 300 branches were set up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of Jawaharlal Nehru in the peasant movement?

    <p>He was a Congress leader trying to understand the grievances of the villagers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the peasant movement spreading in 1921?

    <p>The houses of talukdars and merchants were attacked</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the nai-dhobi bandh?

    <p>It was a social boycott of oppressive landlords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was begar a concern for the peasants?

    <p>It was labour that villagers were forced to contribute without any payment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the economic issue that affected Indian peasants in the late 1920s?

    <p>Fall in agricultural prices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Statutory Commission set up by the British government in 1928?

    <p>To look into the functioning of the constitutional system in India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the Simon Commission rejected by the Indian people?

    <p>Because it had no Indian members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the response of the Indian people to the arrival of the Simon Commission in 1928?

    <p>They demonstrated against the commission with the slogan 'Go back Simon'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the offer made by the viceroy, Lord Irwin, in 1929?

    <p>Dominion status for India in the future</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Round Table Conference announced by Lord Irwin?

    <p>It was a conference to discuss a new constitution for India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the worldwide economic depression on Indian peasants?

    <p>They had difficulty selling their harvests and paying revenue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the year in which the Indian countryside was in turmoil due to the economic depression?

    <p>1930</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the British Government do to the Indian people?

    <p>Deprived them of their freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the demand that Mahatma Gandhi declared revealed the most oppressive face of British rule?

    <p>Abolition of the salt tax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Mahatma Gandhi's goal for India?

    <p>To attain Purna Swaraj or Complete Independence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many trusted volunteers accompanied Mahatma Gandhi on his famous salt march?

    <p>78</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the consequence of the British Government not meeting Mahatma Gandhi's demands?

    <p>The Congress would launch a civil disobedience campaign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Mahatma Gandhi find in salt that could unite the nation?

    <p>A powerful symbol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the date by which Mahatma Gandhi's demands had to be fulfilled?

    <p>11 March</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To whom did Mahatma Gandhi send a letter stating eleven demands?

    <p>Viceroy Irwin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did Gandhiji go in December 1931?

    <p>London</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Gandhiji's conference in London?

    <p>It broke down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were among the leaders of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA)?

    <p>Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das and Ajoy Ghosh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Civil Disobedience Movement by 1934?

    <p>It lost momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the target of the HSRA's actions in different parts of India?

    <p>Symbols of British power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta do in 1929?

    <p>They threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was attempted in the same year as the bombing of the Legislative Assembly?

    <p>Blowing up the train that Lord Irwin was travelling in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was done to prevent meetings, demonstrations and boycotts?

    <p>A series of measures were imposed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main reason behind Gandhi's support for the Khilafat movement?

    <p>To promote Hindu-Muslim unity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Khilafat Committee formed in Bombay in March 1919 primarily concerned with?

    <p>Defending the Khalifa's temporal powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the First World War with respect to Ottoman Turkey?

    <p>Ottoman Turkey was defeated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Gandhi's perspective on British rule in India, as stated in his book Hind Swaraj?

    <p>British rule was established with the cooperation of Indians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the proposed solution to end British rule in India, according to Gandhi's Hind Swaraj?

    <p>Refuse to cooperate with the British</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Gandhi's efforts at the Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920?

    <p>The non-cooperation movement was accepted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the leaders who began discussing the Khilafat issue with Gandhi?

    <p>Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Gandhi's prediction if Indians refused to cooperate with the British?

    <p>British rule would collapse within a year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Khilafat Movement

    • The Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919 to defend the Khalifa's temporal powers.
    • Mahatma Gandhi saw the Khilafat issue as an opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national movement.

    Non-Cooperation Movement

    • Mahatma Gandhi declared that British rule in India would collapse within a year if Indians refused to cooperate.
    • The Non-Cooperation Movement drew in the struggles of peasants and tribals from different parts of India.
    • The movement demanded reduction of revenue, abolition of begar, and social boycott of oppressive landlords.

    Peasant Movement in Awadh

    • Peasants in Awadh were led by Baba Ramchandra, a sanyasi who had been an indentured labourer in Fiji.
    • The movement demanded reduction of revenue, abolition of begar, and social boycott of oppressive landlords.
    • Nai-dhobi bandhs were organized by panchayats to deprive landlords of the services of even barbers and washermen.

    Development of Peasant Movement

    • By October 1920, the Oudh Kisan Sabha was set up, headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra, and a few others.
    • Within a month, over 300 branches had been set up in the villages around the region.

    Worldwide Economic Depression

    • Agricultural prices began to fall from 1926 and collapsed after 1930, making it difficult for peasants to sell their harvests and pay their revenue.
    • The countryside was in turmoil by 1930.

    Simon Commission

    • The Simon Commission was set up by the British government in response to the nationalist movement.
    • The commission did not have a single Indian member, which led to widespread protests and demonstrations.

    Salt March and Civil Disobedience Movement

    • Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite the nation.
    • He sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin on January 31, 1930, stating eleven demands, including the abolition of the salt tax.
    • The Salt March began on March 12, 1930, accompanied by 78 of Gandhi's trusted volunteers.

    Consequences of the Movement

    • The government responded with repression, jailing Ghaffar Khan and Jawaharlal Nehru and declaring the Congress illegal.
    • The movement continued for over a year but lost momentum by 1934.

    Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA)

    • The HSRA was founded in 1928 by Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das, and Ajoy Ghosh, among others.
    • The HSRA targeted symbols of British power through a series of dramatic actions across India.

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    Description

    This quiz is about the role of the Khilafat issue in bringing Hindus and Muslims together during the Indian independence movement.

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