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What was the total duration taken to prepare the Indian Constitution?
What was the total duration taken to prepare the Indian Constitution?
How many articles did the Indian Constitution initially contain when it was enacted?
How many articles did the Indian Constitution initially contain when it was enacted?
Which of the following statements correctly reflects the nature of the Indian state?
Which of the following statements correctly reflects the nature of the Indian state?
How many amendments to the Indian Constitution were there as of January 2021?
How many amendments to the Indian Constitution were there as of January 2021?
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What is the primary purpose of having a constitution in a nation?
What is the primary purpose of having a constitution in a nation?
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What significant event occurred on January 26, 1950, in relation to the Constitution of India?
What significant event occurred on January 26, 1950, in relation to the Constitution of India?
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Which of the following best describes the term 'secular' as used in the context of the Indian state?
Which of the following best describes the term 'secular' as used in the context of the Indian state?
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Who exercises the real executive power in India?
Who exercises the real executive power in India?
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What characterizes the relationship between the union and state as defined by a constitution?
What characterizes the relationship between the union and state as defined by a constitution?
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Which body consists of both the President and two Houses of Parliament in India?
Which body consists of both the President and two Houses of Parliament in India?
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Which body was responsible for framing the Constitution of India?
Which body was responsible for framing the Constitution of India?
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What is referred to as the Date of Commencement in the Constitution of India?
What is referred to as the Date of Commencement in the Constitution of India?
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Which event marked the demand for a Constitution for India by Gandhi?
Which event marked the demand for a Constitution for India by Gandhi?
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Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution?
Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution?
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Which year did the Indian National Congress demand for an Indian constitution without outside interference?
Which year did the Indian National Congress demand for an Indian constitution without outside interference?
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What was the role of the Cripps Mission proposed in 1942?
What was the role of the Cripps Mission proposed in 1942?
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When did the Constitution of India become fully applicable?
When did the Constitution of India become fully applicable?
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What is the total number of members in the Rajya Sabha?
What is the total number of members in the Rajya Sabha?
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Which states in India have a bicameral legislature?
Which states in India have a bicameral legislature?
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What defines the Constitution, based on Aristotle's view?
What defines the Constitution, based on Aristotle's view?
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Which of the following was the first written Constitution in the world?
Which of the following was the first written Constitution in the world?
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Who appoints the Governor of each state in India?
Who appoints the Governor of each state in India?
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What is the primary focus of the extraordinary features of the Indian Constitution?
What is the primary focus of the extraordinary features of the Indian Constitution?
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Which word is the Constitution derived from, indicating its meaning?
Which word is the Constitution derived from, indicating its meaning?
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What significant change occurred in India's status when the Constitution came into effect?
What significant change occurred in India's status when the Constitution came into effect?
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Which of the following measures were taken to promote social equality in post-Constitution India?
Which of the following measures were taken to promote social equality in post-Constitution India?
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Which rights does the Constitution of India guarantee to its citizens?
Which rights does the Constitution of India guarantee to its citizens?
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What is one of the key features of India's political system established by the Constitution?
What is one of the key features of India's political system established by the Constitution?
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What does the Directive Principles of State Policy aim to achieve?
What does the Directive Principles of State Policy aim to achieve?
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What is the primary role of the Scheduled Caste/Tribe Commissions and Minority Commission in India?
What is the primary role of the Scheduled Caste/Tribe Commissions and Minority Commission in India?
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How does the Constitution of India address the issue of untouchability?
How does the Constitution of India address the issue of untouchability?
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What educational provision is established by the Right to Education Act in India?
What educational provision is established by the Right to Education Act in India?
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Study Notes
Indian Constitution - Module 1
- Constitution Passing & Application: Passed by Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949, fully implemented January 26, 1950.
- Federal Structure: India is a federal democratic republic with 25 states and 8 union territories.
- State Administration: States are administered by a Governor appointed by the President. Union Territories are administered by the President through a Minister.
- Bicameral Parliament: The Parliament comprises the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha).
- Rajya Sabha Composition: 250 members, 12 nominated by the President, others elected by state legislative assemblies. Elections staggered with one-third of seats up for reelection every two years..
- Lok Sabha Composition: 550 members, 530 from states, 20 from union territories.
- State Legislatures: Some states (Bihar, J&K, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh) have bicameral (two house) legislatures. Other 20 states have unicameral (one house) legislatures.
- Legislative Assemblies Elections: Chosen by direct election.
- Indian Government Features: Many states have banned alcohol production, possession, and consumption.
- Constitution Meaning: Derived from Latin word "constitueri" meaning "to establish, to compose". "Constitution is the way citizens are arranged in relation to one another" -Aristotle.
- Constitution Definition: A body of rules, regulations to establish the structure of a state.
Indian Constitution - Module 2
- Commencement: Beginning of Constitution implementation; citizenship, provisional parliament, elections and temporary provisions take effect on Nov 26, 1949. Remainder effective Jan 26, 1950.
- Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic: India's form of government.
- Parliamentary Structure: Federal structure with unitary features (executive: the President)
- Council of Ministers: Article 74 (1): Council of Ministers led by the Prime Minister, advise and aid the President.
- Constitution Evolution: 1922- Gandhi demand for Constitution, 1928 – Nehru's report on Fundamental Rights, 1935- Indian National Congress demands Indian constitution without outside interference.
- 1942 Cripps Mission: Proposed independence after World War 2, but rejected..
- 1946 Elections: For Constituent Assembly, Muslim League pulled out.
- 1947 Independence: June 1947-Partition Resolution.
- 1949 Constitution Adoption: November 26, 1949 - Constituent Assembly passed the Constitution.
- 1950 Constitution Implementation: January 26- Constitution came into force, India became a Republic.
- Constituent Assembly Membership: Began with 389 members, reduced to 308 after partition.
- Constituent Assembly Roles: Drafting committee, provisional parliament.
- Composition of Constituent Assembly: Combination of representatives from British India and Indian Native States.
- Important Committees & Leaders: Dr. BR Ambedkar - chaired Drafting Committee, Dr. Rajendra Prasad-president of the Constituent Assembly,
- Number of Articles, Chapters & Schedules:Initially 395 articles, 22 chapters and 8 schedules (as of January 2020. Numbers differ based on the update date)..
- Number of Amendments by January 2021: 115.
- Constitutional Features (Nature of Indian State): Sovereign (independent), socialist, secular, democratic, and republic. Nature of Constitution. Describes the political system, determines structure of state, law, power distribution between the union and state, and relationship between state and people.
Nature of Constitution
- Political System: Defines the political system (e.g., democracy, capitalism).
- Form of Government: Determines if the government is parliamentary or presidential.
- State Structure: Dictates whether the state is unitary or federal.
- Power Distribution: Defines the distribution of power between the union (federal government) and the states.
- Relationship Between State and Citizens: Establishes the relationship between the state and its citizens.
- Constitution Structure and Content: Written, unwritten, embodies set of documents, detailed/brief, rigid/flexible, dynamic.
Society Before and After Adoption
- Status of India: Became a sovereign state after adopting the Constitution
- Social Changes: Socialist principles introduced (planning, nationalization), socialistic measures ended inequality, land reforms, abolition of intermediaries, etc.
- Rights and Guarantees: Fundamental Rights guaranteed to citizens, declaration of untouchability as a punishable crime.
Role of Constituent Assembly
- Constituent Assembly (CA): Constitution-making body established in November 1946.
- Composition: 296 representatives from British India, 93 from Indian Native States, reduced to 308 after the partition of India.
- Functions: Framing the Constitution, acting as provisional parliament
Minorities, Education, and Rights
- Minorities Protection: Minorities, languages and cultures protected by the state.
- Reservation System: Instances to provide justice to marginalized groups
- Education Rights: Free and compulsory education through Right to Education Act and other acts.
- Employment Guarantees (MGNREGA): Legislations like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).
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Description
Explore the fundamental aspects of the Indian Constitution in this quiz. Covering topics such as the Constitution's passing, federal structure, and the bicameral Parliament, this module provides a comprehensive overview. Perfect for students and enthusiasts eager to understand India's legal framework.
