Inca and African Trade Systems

A system of roads built by the Inca Empire to connect different parts of their kingdom.

A group of workers in the Inca Empire assigned to build roads.

The system of power held by the Inca kings, which allowed them to give commands and mobilize resources for road construction.

The process of using highways to transport goods and people, which played a significant role in the Inca Empire's expansion and control.

The ability of the Inca kings to build roads quickly and efficiently, showcasing their power and control over the empire.

A significant geographic feature that posed challenges for building roads and trade routes in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The exchange of goods and ideas along trade routes, which helped to connect societies and spread different cultures.

The influence of Islam on trade and society in Sub-Saharan Africa through the spread of religion and its impact on local cultures.

A network of trade routes connecting Western Asia and Eastern Europe, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures.

A valuable resource found in West Africa, mined through a unique method of digging pits.

A document where a vassal pledges allegiance to a king, emphasizing loyalty and service through oaths.

The historical accounts detailing the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures through the Silk Road.

A primary source document from 1221, outlining Matilda, Countess of Nevers, pledging allegiance to King Philip of France.

The period in history from 1200 to 1400, characterized by the expansion of the Mongol Empire.

The method used to extract gold in West Africa, involving digging pits to access deposits embedded in the sides or bottom.

The spread of Bantu languages throughout southern Africa, which scholars once attributed solely to migration.

The rise in agricultural efficiency resulting in less land used for farming and increased food production.

The historical period in Constantinople characterized by the clash of Byzantine forces utilizing fire, cannons, and gunpowder against the Turkish forces employing arrows.

The Mongol Empire's expansion across Eurasia and East Asia, leading to a period of increased trade and cultural exchange.

The social structure in France during the 13th century, where vassals held lands and swore oaths of allegiance to the king.

The Mongol conquest of Eurasia and East Asia from 1200 to 1300, resulting in increased trade and exchange of goods, ideas, and technology.

The use of illustrations to depict the agricultural practices in China during the Yuan and Song dynasties.

The historical period in China characterized by the use of advanced agricultural techniques, including mechanical water wheels, for rice cultivation.

The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures.

The desire for luxurious goods, like silk, fueled trade along the Silk Road, leading to economic growth in trading cities.

The Silk Road facilitated the exchange of ideas and religions between different cultures, leading to the spread of beliefs and practices.

The Silk Road played a crucial role in the spread of diseases like the plague, as people and goods traveled across vast distances.

Islam began in the 7th century when the prophet Muhammad received messages from God, known as Allah, which were compiled into the Quran.

Muhammad faced initial resistance in Mecca, but he found support and grew his following in Medina, building a united Muslim community.

After Muhammad's death, the Rashidun Caliphs led the expansion of the Islamic state, marking the beginning of its territorial growth.

The Umayyad Caliphate, focused on governance and politics, faced criticism for neglecting strict Islamic principles, leading to discontent among Muslims.

Baghdad, under the Abbasid Caliphate, became a center of learning and intellectual achievement, contributing to the advancement of Islamic society.

Islam spread beyond military conquests through trade and missionary efforts, reaching regions like Africa and Asia.

Islamic society was structured hierarchically, but opportunities for social mobility existed, emphasizing the importance of the Muslim community.

The Five Pillars of Islam, including Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj, form the foundational practices of Muslim faith.

Islam entered India through trade and conquest, with the Delhi Sultanate establishing a significant Islamic presence in the 13th century.

The Mughal Empire, blending Islamic and Indian cultures, created a flourishing civilization known for its architectural and artistic achievements.

In North Africa, Islam spread through Arab conquests, leaving a lasting impact on the region's culture and governance.

The period of time in Spain when Christian rulers gradually regained control of land from Muslim rulers.

A sophisticated political structure of five Native American nations (Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca) in North America known for their collective decision-making.

The Mayan civilization’s calendar system had two components: a 365-day agricultural year for farming and a 260-day ritual year for religious ceremonies.

The Black Death, a devastating plague that struck Europe in the mid-14th century. It led to a massive population decline, drastically altering social and economic structures.

The rise of the Ming Dynasty in China following the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty. It focused on political and economic recovery, emphasizing education and Confucian values.

Nomadic peoples traditionally migrated, often following food sources; they developed sustainable practices to avoid depleting resources.

The process of exchanging goods or services without using money. Bartering was common in ancient societies.

The unification of Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella marked the end of Muslim rule and the beginning of a new era of exploration.

The blending of different religions, cultures, and ideas through interactions and trade. This concept often led to new cultural expressions and beliefs.

The spread of the bubonic plague across regions in Asia, Africa, and Europe, facilitated by trade and travel routes.