Inadequate Tissue Perfusion & Impaired Oxygen Delivery Overview
45 Questions
4 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which treatment is recommended for Tension Pneumothorax in EMS?

  • Needle T (correct)
  • NS boluses
  • Epi @ Benadryl
  • Blood products

    • What is a symptom of Compensated shock?

  • RR fast
  • HR bounding +3
  • Weakness
  • SPO2 WNL (correct)

    • In the context of Irreversible shock, what skin condition may be observed?

  • Warm and moist
  • Red and dry
  • Cool and clammy
  • Dusk or pale, extremities cold (correct)

    • Which stage of shock is characterized by a pulse pressure of 30-40?

    <p>Stage III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Decompensated shock?

    <p>Anxious, Confused</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of shock, what is the effect on the blood shunting towards the lungs?

    <p>Lungs shunt blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition does not respond to resuscitation efforts according to the text?

    <p>&quot;PEA&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main clinical syndrome resulting from inadequate tissue perfusion?

    <p>Hypoperfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves shunting of blood bypassing capillary exchange beds?

    <p>Hypoperfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may lead to increases in CO2 and Lactate blood levels in areas of Hypoperfusion?

    <p>Severe shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition results in a negative Base deficit (-2 - +2)?

    <p>Metabolic Acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves the release of potent inflammatory processes leading to vasodilation?

    <p>Severe shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which situation may lead to an increase in inflammatory process and clotting cascade in areas of Hypoperfusion?

    <p>Trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main metabolic process that increases Lactate blood levels during Hypoperfusion?

    <p>Anaerobic metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular response is activated by endothelial cell damage in areas of Hypoperfusion?

    <p>Increase in WBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Shock' releases a catastrophic cascade of events involving pumps, pipes, fluids, and electrical disturbances. What is the first step in managing this cascade?

    <p>Identify the etiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in the given information?

    <p>20-120 dynes/sec/cm^-5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the context of blood pressure regulation?

    <p>Uptake of water in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of shock listed in the given information?

    <p>Hemorrhagic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct range for the mean arterial pressure (MAP) according to the given information?

    <p>60-100 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in response to low blood pressure?

    <p>Renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in the context of blood pressure regulation?

    <p>Vasoconstriction and increased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) according to the given information?

    <p>15-25 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic intervention mentioned in the given information for managing low afterload?

    <p>Furosemide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the electrical impulse in the cardiac cycle, as represented by the SAC and DPF phases?

    <p>Cardiac contraction and relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of neurogenic shock?

    <p>Injury to head or spinal cord (above T6)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of anaphylactic shock?

    <p>Body exposed to a substance that produces a severe allergic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the context of blood pressure regulation?

    <p>To increase water reabsorption in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of generalized vasodilation shock listed in the text?

    <p>Cardiogenic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct range for the mean arterial pressure (MAP) according to the given information?

    <p>$60-90$ mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in the context of blood pressure regulation?

    <p>To increase cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) according to the given information?

    <p>$15-25$ mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic intervention mentioned in the given information for managing low afterload?

    <p>Mechanical ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in the given information?

    <p>$0.5-2.5$ Wood units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main metabolic process that increases Lactate blood levels during Hypoperfusion?

    <p>Anaerobic glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of Neurogenic shock, as described in the text?

    <p>Ingestion of barbiturates or phenothiazines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical finding is associated with Cardiac Tamponade, according to the text?

    <p>Affected breath sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary problem in Dissociative shock, according to the text?

    <p>Container abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is recommended for manual C-spine stabilization in patients with Spinal Shock?

    <p>Administer IV fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition results in ventilation/perfusion mismatch, based on the information provided?

    <p>Massive Pulmonary Embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential characteristic of Shock as described in the text?

    <p>Loss of sympathetic tone below injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of excess fluid in the pericardial sac on the heart in Cardiac Tamponade?

    <p>Impairs heart's ability to contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical sign is indicative of Tension Pneumothorax, based on the information provided?

    <p>Muffled heart tones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic describes Neurogenic shock based on the text?

    <p>Vasodilation happens below the injury level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom associated with Tension Hemothorax as per the information provided?

    <p>Hypotension and tachypnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Tension Pneumothorax

    • Treatment: Needle thoracostomy (needle decompression)

    Shock Syndromes

    • Compensated Shock: A symptom is a narrowing pulse pressure
    • Irreversible Shock: Skin condition may be mottled skin
    • Decompensated Shock: Common symptom is tachycardia

    Shock Physiology

    • Effect of Blood Shunting: Blood shunts away from the lungs, towards the heart and brain.
    • Condition unresponsive to Resuscitation: Irreversible shock
    • Clinical syndrome from Inadequate Tissue Perfusion: Shock
    • Process Involving Blood Shunting: Shock
    • Increase in CO2 and Lactate Levels: Hypoperfusion
    • Condition with a Negative Base Deficit: Normal
    • Release of Potent Inflammatory Processes: Shock
    • Increase in Inflammation and Clotting: Hypoperfusion
    • Metabolic Process Increasing Lactate Levels: Anaerobic metabolism
    • Cellular Response due to Endothelial Cell Damage: Inflammation

    Shock Management

    • First Step: Stabilize airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)
    • Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) Range: 100-250 dynes·sec/cm5
    • Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Function: Controls water reabsorption in the kidneys to increase blood pressure
    • Types of Shock (Based on text): Hypovolemic, Cardiogenic, Distributive, Obstructive
    • Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Range: 60-70 mmHg
    • Hormone Responsible for RAAS Activation: Renin
    • Sympathetic Nervous System Function: Increases heart rate and blood vessel constriction
    • Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAP) Range: 20-30 mmHg
    • Therapeutic Interventions for Low Afterload: Vasopressors
    • Electrical Impulse Function (SAC and DPF Phases): Contributes to the heart's electrical activity during systole and diastole
    • Neurogenic Shock Cause: Spinal cord injury

    Different Shock Types

    • Anaphylactic Shock Characteristic: Generalized vasodilation
    • Non-Generalized Vasodilation Shock: Obstructive shock
    • Neurogenic Shock Cause: Spinal Cord Injury
    • Cardiac Tamponade Physical Finding: Muffled heart sounds
    • Dissociative Shock Primary Problem: Inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues despite adequate blood volume
    • Spinal Shock Action: Manual C-spine stabilization
    • Condition with Ventilation/Perfusion Mismatch: Tension Pneumothorax
    • Essential Characteristic of Shock: Inadequate tissue perfusion

    Specific Shock Characteristics

    • Cardiac Tamponade Effect on the Heart: Excess pericardial fluid compresses the heart
    • Tension Pneumothorax Physical Sign: Tracheal deviation
    • Neurogenic Shock Characteristic: Hypotension without compensatory tachycardia
    • Tension Hemothorax Common Symptom: Dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
    • Main Metabolic Process Increasing Lactate Blood Levels: Anaerobic metabolism
    • Neurogenic Shock Common Cause: Spinal cord injury
    • Cardiac Tamponade Physical Finding: Muffled heart sounds
    • Dissociative Shock Primary Problem: Inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues despite adequate blood volume
    • Spinal Shock Action: Manual C-spine stabilization
    • Condition with Ventilation/Perfusion Mismatch: Tension Pneumothorax
    • Essential Characteristic of Shock: Inadequate tissue perfusion

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Learn about the clinical syndrome resulting from inadequate tissue perfusion, decreased blood volume, and circulatory stagnation. Understand how hypoperfusion can lead to changes in hemodynamics due to both extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Explore examples like illness, trauma, dehydration, and more.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser