45 Questions
Which treatment is recommended for Tension Pneumothorax in EMS?
Needle T
What is a symptom of Compensated shock?
SPO2 WNL
In the context of Irreversible shock, what skin condition may be observed?
Dusk or pale, extremities cold
Which stage of shock is characterized by a pulse pressure of 30-40?
Stage III
What is a common symptom of Decompensated shock?
Anxious, Confused
In the context of shock, what is the effect on the blood shunting towards the lungs?
Lungs shunt blood
Which condition does not respond to resuscitation efforts according to the text?
"PEA"
What is the main clinical syndrome resulting from inadequate tissue perfusion?
Hypoperfusion
Which process involves shunting of blood bypassing capillary exchange beds?
Hypoperfusion
What may lead to increases in CO2 and Lactate blood levels in areas of Hypoperfusion?
Severe shock
Which condition results in a negative Base deficit (-2 - +2)?
Metabolic Acidosis
What process involves the release of potent inflammatory processes leading to vasodilation?
Severe shock
Which situation may lead to an increase in inflammatory process and clotting cascade in areas of Hypoperfusion?
Trauma
What is the main metabolic process that increases Lactate blood levels during Hypoperfusion?
Anaerobic metabolism
Which cellular response is activated by endothelial cell damage in areas of Hypoperfusion?
Increase in WBCs
'Shock' releases a catastrophic cascade of events involving pumps, pipes, fluids, and electrical disturbances. What is the first step in managing this cascade?
Identify the etiology
Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in the given information?
20-120 dynes/sec/cm^-5
What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the context of blood pressure regulation?
Uptake of water in the kidneys
Which of the following is NOT a type of shock listed in the given information?
Hemorrhagic
Which of the following is the correct range for the mean arterial pressure (MAP) according to the given information?
60-100 mmHg
Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in response to low blood pressure?
Renin
What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in the context of blood pressure regulation?
Vasoconstriction and increased heart rate
Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) according to the given information?
15-25 mmHg
Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic intervention mentioned in the given information for managing low afterload?
Furosemide
What is the primary function of the electrical impulse in the cardiac cycle, as represented by the SAC and DPF phases?
Cardiac contraction and relaxation
What is the most common cause of neurogenic shock?
Injury to head or spinal cord (above T6)
Which of the following is a characteristic of anaphylactic shock?
Body exposed to a substance that produces a severe allergic reaction
What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the context of blood pressure regulation?
To increase water reabsorption in the kidneys
Which of the following is NOT a type of generalized vasodilation shock listed in the text?
Cardiogenic shock
Which of the following is the correct range for the mean arterial pressure (MAP) according to the given information?
$60-90$ mmHg
What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in the context of blood pressure regulation?
To increase cardiac output
Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) according to the given information?
$15-25$ mmHg
Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic intervention mentioned in the given information for managing low afterload?
Mechanical ventilation
Which of the following is the correct range for the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in the given information?
$0.5-2.5$ Wood units
What is the main metabolic process that increases Lactate blood levels during Hypoperfusion?
Anaerobic glycolysis
What is a common cause of Neurogenic shock, as described in the text?
Ingestion of barbiturates or phenothiazines
Which physical finding is associated with Cardiac Tamponade, according to the text?
Affected breath sounds
What is the primary problem in Dissociative shock, according to the text?
Container abnormalities
What action is recommended for manual C-spine stabilization in patients with Spinal Shock?
Administer IV fluids
Which condition results in ventilation/perfusion mismatch, based on the information provided?
Massive Pulmonary Embolism
What is an essential characteristic of Shock as described in the text?
Loss of sympathetic tone below injury
What is the effect of excess fluid in the pericardial sac on the heart in Cardiac Tamponade?
Impairs heart's ability to contract
What physical sign is indicative of Tension Pneumothorax, based on the information provided?
Muffled heart tones
What characteristic describes Neurogenic shock based on the text?
Vasodilation happens below the injury level
What is a common symptom associated with Tension Hemothorax as per the information provided?
Hypotension and tachypnea
Learn about the clinical syndrome resulting from inadequate tissue perfusion, decreased blood volume, and circulatory stagnation. Understand how hypoperfusion can lead to changes in hemodynamics due to both extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Explore examples like illness, trauma, dehydration, and more.
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