Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which term describes the process of being taught the behavioural rules needed to become a member of a particular society?
Which term describes the process of being taught the behavioural rules needed to become a member of a particular society?
- Mothering instinct
- Procreation
- Socialisation (correct)
- Genetics
What role does genetics play in influencing human behavior?
What role does genetics play in influencing human behavior?
- Guiding behavior through instincts based on biological instructions (correct)
- Teaching behavioral rules
- Having no influence on human behavior
- Encouraging cultural development
What does the text suggest about instincts in relation to human behavior?
What does the text suggest about instincts in relation to human behavior?
- Instincts are not relevant to human behavior
- Instincts are influenced solely by cultural environment
- Instincts are fixed human features and can be part of human nature (correct)
- Instincts vary greatly among individuals
What is the weaker expression of the idea that people are born with certain capabilities?
What is the weaker expression of the idea that people are born with certain capabilities?
How does the text describe women's role in caring for children based on genetics?
How does the text describe women's role in caring for children based on genetics?
What does the text imply about the interaction between 'nature' and 'environmental experiences'?
What does the text imply about the interaction between 'nature' and 'environmental experiences'?
The 'Me' aspect that develops through socialization is best described as:
The 'Me' aspect that develops through socialization is best described as:
How does Goffman describe social life in relation to self and identity?
How does Goffman describe social life in relation to self and identity?
In the looking-glass self concept by Cooley, other people are likened to:
In the looking-glass self concept by Cooley, other people are likened to:
How does Goffman describe the process of creating an impression on others?
How does Goffman describe the process of creating an impression on others?
What determines how individuals present themselves in different situations according to Goffman?
What determines how individuals present themselves in different situations according to Goffman?
Which sociologist developed the concept of the 'social self' that develops through socialization?
Which sociologist developed the concept of the 'social self' that develops through socialization?
'Identity performance' according to Goffman is primarily about:
'Identity performance' according to Goffman is primarily about:
'The 'I' expressed by an individual when putting their hand in fire is characterized by:
'The 'I' expressed by an individual when putting their hand in fire is characterized by:
'The importance of interpretation' for identities implies:
'The importance of interpretation' for identities implies:
In Goffman's view, how do individuals understand the societal expectations related to gender roles?
In Goffman's view, how do individuals understand the societal expectations related to gender roles?
What was the primary focus of Erving Goffman's ethnographic research?
What was the primary focus of Erving Goffman's ethnographic research?
According to the passage, what is the primary argument of sociobiology?
According to the passage, what is the primary argument of sociobiology?
Which sociologist argued that family roles are organized based on the belief that women play an expressive role and men play an instrumental role?
Which sociologist argued that family roles are organized based on the belief that women play an expressive role and men play an instrumental role?
What is the primary focus of evolutionary psychology, according to the passage?
What is the primary focus of evolutionary psychology, according to the passage?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of a successful adaptation explained by evolutionary psychology?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of a successful adaptation explained by evolutionary psychology?
According to the passage, what is the primary difference between sociological and biological explanations of social development?
According to the passage, what is the primary difference between sociological and biological explanations of social development?
Which of the following statements about Talcott Parsons' views is NOT supported by the passage?
Which of the following statements about Talcott Parsons' views is NOT supported by the passage?
According to the passage, what is the primary focus of social psychology in explaining human development?
According to the passage, what is the primary focus of social psychology in explaining human development?
Which of the following statements about the attachment of babies to their primary caregiver is supported by the passage?
Which of the following statements about the attachment of babies to their primary caregiver is supported by the passage?
What is the main reason for studying feral children?
What is the main reason for studying feral children?
What did the case of Genie, the feral child, suggest about the importance of socialization?
What did the case of Genie, the feral child, suggest about the importance of socialization?
What is the significance of cultural differences in human behavior?
What is the significance of cultural differences in human behavior?
What did George Herbert Mead argue about self-awareness?
What did George Herbert Mead argue about self-awareness?
According to Mead's theory, what is the 'I' aspect of the Self?
According to Mead's theory, what is the 'I' aspect of the Self?
What does the example of cultural differences in how bananas are peeled suggest?
What does the example of cultural differences in how bananas are peeled suggest?
What is the main reason why feral children fail to develop normal human behaviors?
What is the main reason why feral children fail to develop normal human behaviors?
What does the text suggest about the role of instincts in human behavior?
What does the text suggest about the role of instincts in human behavior?
What is the main argument made by the text regarding the nature vs. nurture debate?
What is the main argument made by the text regarding the nature vs. nurture debate?
What is the significance of the case of Saturday Mthiyane?
What is the significance of the case of Saturday Mthiyane?
Study Notes
Socialisation and Human Behaviour
- Socialisation is a process that teaches us the rules of behaviour to become a member of a particular society/culture and an able social actor.
- The "nature vs. nurture" debate questions whether human behaviour is influenced by biology or culture.
- Genetics suggests that behaviour may be guided by instincts based on biological instructions that can be seen as part of "human nature".
- Instincts are fixed human features that are present from birth and are not influenced by cultural environment.
The "I" and the "Me"
- George Herbert Mead argued that self-awareness is learned, not instinctive.
- Mead claimed that the social context in which behaviour occurs conditions how people behave.
- The "I" aspect of the self is our opinion of ourselves as a whole, while the "Me" aspect is how we present ourselves to others.
- The "Me" aspect is developed through socialisation and is influenced by how others react to us.
Presentation of Self
- Erving Goffman argued that who we believe ourselves to be (our sense of identity) is constructed socially through how we present ourselves to others.
- Goffman proposed a model of self and identity in which social life is a series of dramatic episodes where people are actors.
- We "perform" to others in order to "manage" the impression they have of us.
- Identity performance is about achieving a desired result, such as creating a favourable impression on someone.
Feral Children
- Feral children are children who have missed out on primary socialisation by humans.
- Examples of feral children, such as Genie, show that human behaviour is not instinctive, but rather learned through socialisation.
- Feral children behave as the animals that raised them, suggesting that they learn by imitation.
Culture and Socialisation
- Different cultures develop different ways of doing things, suggesting that human behaviour is learned through socialisation.
- Cultural differences can be trivial (e.g., peeling bananas in Russia) or fundamental (e.g., women's roles in Victorian Britain).
- If human behaviour was instinctive, cultural differences would be minimal.
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Description
Explore the significance of socialisation in shaping human behavior and how it influences the nurture versus nature debate. Understand how biology and culture play a role in determining human actions and behaviors.
