Impact of Colonial Rule on Pastoralists

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Questions and Answers

Why were some forests classified as 'Reserved' under the Forest Acts?

  • To grant customary grazing rights to pastoralists
  • To provide unrestricted access to pastoralists
  • To encourage the growth of saplings and young shoots
  • To restrict access to commercially valuable timber (correct)

How did the Forest Acts change the lives of pastoralists?

  • Restricted movement and grazing rights in certain forests (correct)
  • Allowed unrestricted access to all forests for grazing
  • Allowed free movement without any regulations
  • Provided permits for unrestricted forest entry and stay

Why did the British officials distrust nomadic people?

  • They were viewed as criminal by nature and birth (correct)
  • They were seen as a threat to settled populations
  • They were believed to promote trade and craftsmanship
  • They were considered to be peaceable and law-abiding

What was the impact of the Criminal Tribes Act on communities of craftsmen, traders, and pastoralists?

<p>It classified them as criminal and restricted their movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the colonial government want rural people to live in villages?

<p>To have a settled population that was easy to identify and control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did colonial rule affect the grazing grounds of pastoralists?

<p>The grazing grounds were regulated and reduced in size. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the colonial state want to transform all grazing lands into cultivated farms?

<p>To increase its revenue collection and produce agricultural produce required in England. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were Waste Land Rules enacted in various parts of the country during the mid-nineteenth century?

<p>To take over and give uncultivated lands to select individuals for cultivation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the perception of uncultivated land by colonial officials?

<p>It was considered unproductive as it did not produce agricultural produce. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the expansion of cultivation on the grazing tracts used by pastoralists?

<p>It resulted in the decline of pastures and posed a problem for pastoralists. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of restrictions on pastoral movements on grazing lands?

<p>Grazing lands were continuously used, leading to a decline in quality of pastures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did pastoralists adapt to the lack of pasture for large herds?

<p>Some reduced the number of cattle in their herds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the taxation system on pastoralists in India during the mid-nineteenth century?

<p>They had to pay tax on every animal they grazed, which led to a serious shortage of pastures due to decreased availability of grazing lands. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forced the camel and sheep herding Raikas to find new places for grazing their animals?

<p>Political boundaries between India and Pakistan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the collection of grazing tax change in the decades between the 1850s and 1880s in India?

<p>The government started collecting taxes directly from the pastoralists and issued passes for grazing tracts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did some richer pastoralists react to changes in their way of life?

<p>They reduced the size of their herds and became settled peasants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the auctioning of the right to collect grazing tax have on pastoralists in India?

<p>Contractors tried to extract high taxes to recover their money and earn profit, leading to increased financial burden on pastoralists. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the perception of many ecologists regarding pastoralism in dry regions and mountains?

<p>Many ecologists believe that pastoralism is still ecologically the most viable form of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the reservation of forests impact shepherds and cattle herders in India during colonial rule?

<p>The reservation of forests meant that shepherds and cattle herders could no longer freely pasture their cattle in the forests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the relationship between taxation and the availability of pastures for pastoralists during colonial rule in India?

<p>Taxation led to a serious shortage of pastures as grazing lands were taken over for cultivation, and forests were reserved, restricting pastureland. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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