Immunology Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of opsonins in the immune response?

To coat antigens and enhance their recognition by immune cells (correct)

To directly kill pathogens through lysis

To promote the formation of antibodies

To initiate apoptosis in infected cells

Which cells are primarily involved in phagocytosis?

Basophils and mast cells

Erythrocytes

Lymphocytes

Neutrophils and macrophages (correct)

What characterizes apoptosis?

It can be triggered by external toxins only

It results in inflammation and tissue damage

It is a passive process of cell death

It involves a series of molecular steps leading to cell death (correct)

How can cancer cells affect the process of apoptosis?

By blocking the apoptosis process Signup and view all the answers

In opsonization, antibodies and complement components serve as what?

Coating agents that enhance recognition by immune cells Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity is characterized as being non-specific?

Innate Immunity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the timing of immune responses is correct?

Adaptive immunity can take days to weeks to respond. Signup and view all the answers

Which immune system is dependent on the presence of antigens?

Adaptive Immune System Signup and view all the answers

What role does inflammation play in the innate immune response?

It encourages an immediate immune response by increasing blood flow. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?

Specific against pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of neutrophils in the immune response?

To rapidly engulf and destroy pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What complex do macrophages use to present antigens after phagocytosis?

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Signup and view all the answers

How do neutrophils recognize pathogens before engulfing them?

Through receptors that attach to opsonins Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when the phagosome and lysosome fuse in both neutrophils and macrophages?

Phagolysosome Signup and view all the answers

What additional role do macrophages have that distinguishes them from neutrophils?

Antigen presentation to lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an antigen in the immune system?

It causes an immune response. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells produce antibodies?

White blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune system?

To enhance or inhibit immune responses. Signup and view all the answers

Phagocytes are responsible for which of the following?

Eating up pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

What do opsonins do in the immune response?

Act as markers for phagocytosis. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about microbes is correct?

Some microbes can be pathogenic. Signup and view all the answers

How is a phagosome formed in phagocytes?

By wrapping around a pathogen. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes immunoglobulin A (IgA) from other antibodies?

It has two primary forms: secretory and serum. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Opsonization

The ability of antibodies and complement proteins to coat pathogens.
This allows for easier recognition by phagocytic cells.
Opsonins act as markers for the immune system.

Phagocytosis

A process by which certain phagocytic cells engulf pathogens or particles.
Neutrophils and macrophages are examples of phagocytic cells.

Apoptosis

A type of cellular death.
A series of molecular steps.
Can lead to cell death.
May be blocked by cancer cells.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts in immunology including opsonization, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Understand how these processes play critical roles in the immune response and their implications in health and disease.