Immunology: Helper T-cell Activation and Polarization Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of IL-2 in lymphocyte activation?

  • Induces the differentiation of Th1 cells
  • Stimulates the expansion of Th2 cells
  • Promotes the differentiation of Treg cells
  • Enhances the proliferation of cytotoxic T-cells (correct)

    • What is the primary site of Th2 effector function?

  • Lymph nodes
  • Liver
  • Skin
  • Mucosal surfaces (correct)

    • How do Treg cells differ from other types of Th cells?

  • They primarily function in pathogen clearance
  • They secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines
  • They promote inflammation and immune response
  • They suppress immune responses (correct)

    • Which cytokines are associated with polarizing Th1 cells?

    <p>IL-12, IFN-gamma, TNF-beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of cross-regulation between Th cells?

    <p>It refers to the mutual inhibition of different Th cell types' activation and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does signal 1b aid in the regulation of Th cells?

    <p>It provides co-stimulatory signals for T-cell activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of CD4+ helper T-lymphocytes?

    <p>Secreting cytokines to activate or inhibit other cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major costimulator involved in T cell activation?

    <p>CD80/86 on the APC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when T cell recognition of antigen occurs in the absence of co-stimulation?

    <p>T cell anergy, leading to inability to produce IL-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in T cell activation?

    <p>Promoting proliferation and differentiation of activated naive T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of T-cell polarization?

    <p>Specializing T helper cell functions through cytokine secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are DAMPs and PAMPs involved in?

    <p>Triggering increased expression of HLA-2 and costimulators on APCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when anergic T cells encounter antigens presented by APCs that express co-stimulatory molecules?

    <p>They fail to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of CD28 on the T helper cell (Th)?

    <p>Binding to CD80/86 on antigen-presenting cells (APCs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does IL-2 binding to the Th IL-2R act as?

    <p>&quot;Autocrine&quot; activator</p> Signup and view all the answers

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