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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the anatomic barrier in innate immunity?
What is the primary function of the anatomic barrier in innate immunity?
- To provide a physical barrier against pathogens (correct)
- To produce antibodies
- To produce immune cells
- To recognize specific antigens
What is the percentage of neutrophils in the circulatory cells of the innate immune system?
What is the percentage of neutrophils in the circulatory cells of the innate immune system?
- 10-20%
- 20-30%
- 60-80%
- 40-60% (correct)
What is the primary function of the physiologic barrier in innate immunity?
What is the primary function of the physiologic barrier in innate immunity?
- To provide a physical barrier
- To maintain an acid environment (correct)
- To produce immune cells
- To regulate body temperature
What is the role of complement in the innate immune response?
What is the role of complement in the innate immune response?
What is the main difference between innate and acquired immunity?
What is the main difference between innate and acquired immunity?
What is the role of secretory molecules in the innate immune response?
What is the role of secretory molecules in the innate immune response?
What is the percentage of eosinophils in the circulatory cells of the innate immune system?
What is the percentage of eosinophils in the circulatory cells of the innate immune system?
What is the term for the sequence of events that occurs in the complement system?
What is the term for the sequence of events that occurs in the complement system?
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Study Notes
Immunology
- Immunology is divided into two major categories: Innate (Non-Specific) Immunity and Acquired (Specific) Immunity.
Innate Immunity
- First line of defense against foreign agents
- Response is antigen-independent
- No memory of an encounter with a foreign organism
- Defense is the same with repeated exposure to pathogens
Elements of Innate Immunity
Anatomic Barrier
- Skin
- Mucous membrane
- Intestinal movement
- Oscillation of bronchopulmonary cilia
- Hairs in the nose and eyelashes
Physiologic Factors
- pH
- Temperature
- Oxygen tension
- Acid environment of the stomach
- Commensal flora
- Cough reflex
Secretory Molecules
- Acids in skin secretions
- Bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
- Lysozyme
- Complement
- Acute phase proteins
- Interferon
Complement
- Consists of more than 20 proteins present in plasma and on cell surfaces
- Interacts with each other to produce biologically active inflammatory mediators
- Promotes cell and tissue injury
- Part of the Complement Cascade
Cells of the Innate Immune System
- Circulatory cells:
- Neutrophils (Polymorphonuclear leukocytes): 40-60%
- Eosinophils: 1-4%
- Basophils
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