Immunology Basics Quiz

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What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?

Activate antigen-specific effector cells

Recognize common features of pathogens and provide the first line of defense (correct)

Initiate the adaptive immune response

Generate memory to prevent re-infection

When does the adaptive immune response become necessary?

Only in the presence of specific antigens

When the innate immune response fails to eliminate a pathogen (correct)

Simultaneously with the innate immune response

After the pathogen has been controlled by the innate immune response

What is the function of dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells in lymphocyte activation?

Recognize common features of pathogens and provide the first line of defense

Generate memory cells to prevent re-infection

Express co-stimulatory molecules and activate naive T cells (correct)

Initiate the adaptive immune response

What is the power of the adaptive immune response attributed to?

Antigen specificity Signup and view all the answers

What happens if lymphocytes encounter a self antigen?

No response Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of innate immune cells in the immune response?

Provide the first line of defense and recognize common features of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the immune response?

Ingest antigen and present it to circulating lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?

Activate naive T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

Expanded/differentiated cells bear receptors of the same specificity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of lymphocytes' cell surface receptors?

Generated by random recombination of variable receptor gene segments and pairing of distinct variable chains Signup and view all the answers

Where do components of the immune system originate?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune response?

Generation of the immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Toll receptors in cell communication and signaling?

Recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of innate immunity?

Available constantly to deal with pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which immune site collects antigen from the blood?

Spleen Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of B cells in the immune system?

Antibody production Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T cells in the immune system?

Antigen recognition and activation Signup and view all the answers

Where do lymphocytes have no functional activity until they encounter antigen?

Peripheral lymphoid tissue Signup and view all the answers

What type of immune response can almost any foreign antigen mount?

Specific immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of adaptive immunity?

Specific immune response to almost any foreign antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?

To activate naïve T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

It leads to the generation of a large population of effector cells with the same antigen specificity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?

To provide the first line of defense Signup and view all the answers

What happens if lymphocytes encounter a self antigen?

No response is initiated Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of innate immunity?

Recognition of common features of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Toll receptors in cell communication and signaling?

Recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to activate the innate immune response Signup and view all the answers

Where do components of the immune system primarily originate?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

Generating a large population of effector T and B cells specific to a particular antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue in the immune system?

Collecting antigen from epithelial surfaces of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of dendritic cells in the immune response?

Role in generation of the immune response through antigen presentation to T cells Signup and view all the answers

Where do lymphocytes have no functional activity until they encounter antigen?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?

Pattern recognition Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?

Immune response modulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

Increased number of antigen-specific lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which immune site collects antigen from the blood?

Spleen Signup and view all the answers

Immunology Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?

When does the adaptive immune response become necessary?

What is the function of dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells in lymphocyte activation?

What is the power of the adaptive immune response attributed to?

What happens if lymphocytes encounter a self antigen?

What is the primary function of innate immune cells in the immune response?

What is the role of antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the immune response?

What is the function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

What is the primary characteristic of lymphocytes' cell surface receptors?

Where do components of the immune system originate?

What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune response?

What is the function of Toll receptors in cell communication and signaling?

What is the main characteristic of innate immunity?

Which immune site collects antigen from the blood?

What is the function of B cells in the immune system?

What is the role of T cells in the immune system?

Where do lymphocytes have no functional activity until they encounter antigen?

What type of immune response can almost any foreign antigen mount?

What is the main characteristic of adaptive immunity?

What is the primary function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?

What happens if lymphocytes encounter a self antigen?

What is the main characteristic of innate immunity?

What is the primary role of Toll receptors in cell communication and signaling?

Where do components of the immune system primarily originate?

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

What is the primary function of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue in the immune system?

What is the primary role of dendritic cells in the immune response?

Where do lymphocytes have no functional activity until they encounter antigen?

What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?

What is the function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?

What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?

Which immune site collects antigen from the blood?

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