35 Questions
What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?
Recognize common features of pathogens and provide the first line of defense
When does the adaptive immune response become necessary?
When the innate immune response fails to eliminate a pathogen
What is the function of dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells in lymphocyte activation?
Express co-stimulatory molecules and activate naive T cells
What is the power of the adaptive immune response attributed to?
Antigen specificity
What happens if lymphocytes encounter a self antigen?
No response
What is the primary function of innate immune cells in the immune response?
Provide the first line of defense and recognize common features of pathogens
What is the role of antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the immune response?
Ingest antigen and present it to circulating lymphocytes
What is the function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?
Activate naive T cells
What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?
Expanded/differentiated cells bear receptors of the same specificity
What is the primary characteristic of lymphocytes' cell surface receptors?
Generated by random recombination of variable receptor gene segments and pairing of distinct variable chains
Where do components of the immune system originate?
Bone marrow
What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune response?
Generation of the immune response
What is the function of Toll receptors in cell communication and signaling?
Recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns
What is the main characteristic of innate immunity?
Available constantly to deal with pathogens
Which immune site collects antigen from the blood?
Spleen
What is the function of B cells in the immune system?
Antibody production
What is the role of T cells in the immune system?
Antigen recognition and activation
Where do lymphocytes have no functional activity until they encounter antigen?
Peripheral lymphoid tissue
What type of immune response can almost any foreign antigen mount?
Specific immune response
What is the main characteristic of adaptive immunity?
Specific immune response to almost any foreign antigen
What is the primary function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?
To activate naïve T cells
What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?
It leads to the generation of a large population of effector cells with the same antigen specificity
What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?
To provide the first line of defense
What happens if lymphocytes encounter a self antigen?
No response is initiated
What is the main characteristic of innate immunity?
Recognition of common features of pathogens
What is the primary role of Toll receptors in cell communication and signaling?
Recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to activate the innate immune response
Where do components of the immune system primarily originate?
Bone marrow
What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?
Generating a large population of effector T and B cells specific to a particular antigen
What is the primary function of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue in the immune system?
Collecting antigen from epithelial surfaces of the body
What is the primary role of dendritic cells in the immune response?
Role in generation of the immune response through antigen presentation to T cells
Where do lymphocytes have no functional activity until they encounter antigen?
Bone marrow
What is the primary role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response?
Pattern recognition
What is the function of co-stimulatory molecules expressed by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells?
Immune response modulation
What is the significance of clonal expansion in adaptive immunity?
Increased number of antigen-specific lymphocytes
Which immune site collects antigen from the blood?
Spleen
Test your understanding of the basics of immunology with this quiz covering the concepts of innate and adaptive immunity, including fixed defenses, pattern recognition, complement, dendritic cells, B cells, T cells, and cell communication. This quiz is based on Dr. Christine Loscher's lecture on Innate and Adaptive Immunity from the BE433 course.
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