Immunology Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Who coined the term 'Immunology'?

  • Russian biologist
  • Starfish larvae
  • Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (correct)
  • Paul Ehrlich
  • What did Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov observe for the first time?

  • Phagocytosis (correct)
  • Hypersensitivities
  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Transplant rejection
  • In which year did Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov receive the Nobel Prize for his work on immunity?

  • 1908 (correct)
  • 1925
  • 1876
  • 1913
  • Which field of medicine has applications in numerous disciplines, including organ transplantation and virology?

    <p>Immunology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Paul Ehrlich study that led to receiving the Nobel Prize for his work on immunity?

    <p>Accustomed mice to poisons ricin and abrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of immune systems in all organisms called?

    <p>Immunology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an essential lymphoid organ of the immune system?

    <p>Thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the substance that ignites the immune response called?

    <p>Antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune system does vertebrates possess?

    <p>Acquired immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are proteins that neutralize disease-causing microorganisms called?

    <p>Antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ancient society has a reference to the phenomenon of immunity?

    <p>Athens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Thucydides note about people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease?

    <p>They could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The immune system has been divided into what two main components?

    <p>Innate and acquired immune systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are specific proteins released from B lymphocytes called?

    <p>Antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are involved in recognizing antigens?

    <p>(B) lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Immunology and Key Contributors

    • The term 'Immunology' was coined by Louis Pasteur, a pioneer in the field of microbiology.
    • Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov first observed phagocytosis, the process by which certain cells engulf and digest pathogens.
    • Mechnikov received the Nobel Prize in 1908 for his significant contributions to the understanding of immunity.

    Applications of Immunology

    • Immunology has applications across various medical disciplines, notably in organ transplantation, virology, and infectious disease research.

    Contributions of Paul Ehrlich

    • Paul Ehrlich studied antibodies and the immune response to infectious diseases, earning the Nobel Prize for his work on immunity.

    Study of Immune Systems

    • The study of immune systems across all organisms is called Immunology.

    Essential Components of the Immune System

    • The bone marrow and thymus are essential lymphoid organs crucial for immune system development and function.
    • The substance that initiates the immune response is called an antigen.

    Types of Immune Systems

    • Vertebrates possess an adaptive immune system, characterized by its ability to remember previous infections.

    Proteins and Cells in Immunology

    • Antibodies are proteins produced by B lymphocytes that neutralize disease-causing microorganisms.
    • Antigen-presenting cells, including dendritic cells and macrophages, are primarily responsible for recognizing antigens.

    Historical References to Immunity

    • Ancient Greek society provides the earliest references to the phenomenon of immunity in historical texts.
    • Thucydides noted that individuals who recovered from a disease were less likely to contract it again, indicating natural immunity.

    Components of the Immune System

    • The immune system is generally divided into two main components: the innate immune system, which provides immediate defense, and the adaptive immune system, which develops specific responses over time.
    • Specific proteins released from B lymphocytes are referred to as immunoglobulins or antibodies.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the fundamental principles and concepts of immunology, including the functioning of the immune system, immunological disorders, and characteristics of immune system components.

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