Immunology ASCP Flashcards

Questions and Answers

The properties of an antibody class are defined by the:

Fc end of the molecule

Which subset of effector lymphocytes is predominantly responsible for regulation of antibody production?

TH12

The primary purpose of neutrophil granules is to:

Provide microbicidal action

T lymphocytes are characterized by all of the following functions EXCEPT which?

Synthesize antibody Signup and view all the answers

The immunoglobulin molecule is made up of both heavy and light chains - the light chains can be comprised of which of the following?

Kappa Signup and view all the answers

All of the following are applications of real-time PCR, EXCEPT?

Amplification of DNA for northern blot Signup and view all the answers

Diseases associated with a dysfunction of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) include all of the following with the exception of?

Gaucher's disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for the humoral immune response?

B-lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of lymphocytes express CD4?

Only T-helper cells Signup and view all the answers

HLA antibodies are responsible for which of the following transfusion reactions?

Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) Signup and view all the answers

Identify a characteristic of an organ-non-specific disorder that distinguishes it from an organ-specific disorder.

Lesions caused by deposition of antigen-antibody immune complexes Signup and view all the answers

What section of an immunoglobulin molecule is responsible for the differences between immunoglobulin classes?

Heavy chains Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for causing transfusion associated graft-versus-host disease?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common early abnormality observed in the lymph nodes of AIDS patients?

Reactive lymphadenopathy Signup and view all the answers

All of the following conditions are associated with a polyclonal (broad based) increase in gamma globulins except?

Immunodeficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding anti-nuclear antibodies?

95% of patients with SLE test positive for ANAs Signup and view all the answers

What three hepatitis B virus (HBV) early markers are detectable in serum during the first two months after infection?

HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBc Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to determine if a person has had a recent infection with Strep pyogenes?

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) Signup and view all the answers

All of the following would be considered a part of the body's cellular immune system EXCEPT?

Thrombocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used as an indicator of inflammation?

C-reactive Protein (CRP) Signup and view all the answers

CD5 antigen is normally found on which of the following lymphocyte populations?

Mature T cells Signup and view all the answers

Examples of cytokines originating from activated T-cells include:

IL2, IL3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected serological response in an immunocompetent patient who has been vaccinated for hepatitis B?

HBsAg (neg), Anti-HBc (neg), anti-HBs (pos) Signup and view all the answers

A 2-month old infant presented with history of chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive. The child's mother also revealed that the baby has suffered from thrush.

Severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome Signup and view all the answers

For the diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), which of the following test principles provides the highest specificity?

ELISA Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of monoclonal antibody production?

Fusion of antibody specific lymphocyte and myeloma cell Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibody types is the predominant serum antibody seen in the secondary immune response?

IgM Signup and view all the answers

In what trimester is there the greatest risk for the manifestation of complications in maternal rubella infection?

First trimester Signup and view all the answers

Skin and mucous membranes are important components of what part of the immune system?

Innate immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Total Complement Activity (CH50) assay?

Measures classic or terminal complement pathway Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Antibodies and Immune Response

Properties of an antibody class are determined by its Fc end.
TH12 effector lymphocytes primarily regulate antibody production.
Neutrophil granules provide essential microbicidal action.

T-Lymphocytes and Immunoglobulin Structure

T lymphocytes do NOT synthesize antibodies, distinguishing them from B cells.
Immunoglobulin molecules consist of heavy and light chains; light chains can be kappa or lambda.
Differences between immunoglobulin classes arise from variations in heavy chains.

PCR and Immune Disorders

Real-time PCR is not used for amplifying DNA for northern blot assays.
Gaucher's disease is not associated with dysfunctions of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).

Humoral Immune Response

B-lymphocytes are responsible for the humoral immune response.
CD4 is exclusively expressed by T-helper cells.

Transfusion Reactions

HLA antibodies can lead to transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI).
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease is caused by lymphocytes.

Immunological Disorders and Testing

Organ-non-specific disorders involve lesions formed by antigen-antibody immune complex deposition.
Reactive lymphadenopathy is the most common early abnormality in the lymph nodes of AIDS patients.
A polyclonal increase in gamma globulins is not associated with immunodeficiency.
95% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) test positive for anti-nuclear antibodies.

Hepatitis B and Strep Infections

Early markers for hepatitis B virus infection include HBsAg, HBeAg, and anti-HBc.
Antistreptolysin O (ASO) is used to detect recent infections with Streptococcus pyogenes.

Cellular Immune System Components

Thrombocytes (platelets) are not part of the cellular immune system.
C-reactive protein (CRP) serves as an inflammation indicator.

T-Cell Characteristics and Cytokines

CD5 antigen is typically found on mature T cell populations.
Cytokines produced by activated T-cells include IL2 and IL3.

Serological Responses and Vaccination

A vaccinated immunocompetent patient shows negative HBsAg and anti-HBc, with positive anti-HBs.
Severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome may present in infants with chronic diarrhea and thrush.

Diagnostics in SLE and Monoclonal Antibodies

ELISA provides the highest specificity for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Monoclonal antibody production involves fusing antibody-specific lymphocytes with myeloma cells.

Immunoglobulin Types and Risk Factors

IgM is the predominant serum antibody in secondary immune responses.
The first trimester has the highest risk for complications from maternal rubella infections.

Immune System Components

Skin and mucous membranes are crucial elements of the innate immune system.
The Total Complement Activity (CH50) assay measures the classic or terminal complement pathway.

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Description

Test your knowledge on immunology concepts with these flashcards designed for ASCP exam preparation. Each card focuses on key properties of antibodies, lymphocyte functions, and other essential immunological principles. Perfect for exam revision or quick study sessions.