24 Questions
What is the primary function of an antibody in response to antigen exposure?
To recognize and bind to a particular antigen with high specificity
What is the typical size of an epitope?
10-12 amino acids
What is the result of the interaction between an antibody and an antigen?
The antibody changes shape, exposing a new site for antigen binding
Which of the following is NOT a type of microbe that can stimulate an immune response?
Egg white
What is the term for the part of an antigen that interacts with an antibody?
Epitope
What is produced in response to exposure to an antigen?
Antibody
What is the primary function of the Fc portion of an antibody?
To direct the biological activity of the antibody
What type of bonds are responsible for holding the antigen to the antibody combining site?
Non-covalent bonds
What is the consequence of the antigen-antibody reaction occurring via non-covalent bonds?
The reaction is reversible
What is the term for the regions of the antibody that provide specificity for binding an epitope of an antigen?
Complementarity-determining regions
What is the name of the concept that describes the interaction between antibodies and antigens?
Lock and Key Concept
What is the term for the visualization of antigen-antibody reactions?
All of the above
Which of the following techniques utilizes a laser beam to count and separate cells stained with fluorescent antibody?
Flow Cytometry
What is the purpose of incubating a sample with a known, labeled antigen or antibody in Radioimmunoassay (RIA)?
To compare the amount of radioactivity present before and after incubation
In the Western Blot technique, what is the purpose of transferring the gel to a special blotter?
To bind the reactants in place
What is the significance of the laser beam in Flow Cytometry?
It excites fluorescently tagged antibodies
What is the main advantage of using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)?
It is a highly specific and sensitive assay
What is the primary application of Flow Cytometry in medical diagnosis?
Cancer diagnosis and monitoring
What is the primary purpose of agglutination testing?
To determine ABO and Rh blood types
In a latex agglutination test, what is affixed to the tiny latex beads?
Antigens
What is the term for the interaction of a soluble antigen with a soluble antibody to form an insoluble complex?
Precipitation
What is the purpose of the VDRL test?
To diagnose streptococcal infections
What is required for the action of lysin or cytolysin?
Both antibody and complement
What is the difference between direct and indirect fluorescent antibody testing?
Direct testing uses a fluorescent antibody solution, while indirect testing uses a non-fluorescent antibody solution
Learn about the principles of antigen-antibody interactions, laboratory methods for visualizing reactions, and definitions of key terms in immunology. Understand how microbes interact with the immune system.
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