Ag-Ab Reactions and Immunology

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of antibody affinity?

The strength of interaction between an antigen and all the binding sites on an antibody

The equilibrium constant that describes the antigen-antibody reaction

The sum of attractive and repulsive forces between an antigenic determinant and a single combining site on the antibody

The force of interaction between an epitope and an antibody’s antigen binding site (correct)

What are the forces involved in forming antigen-antibody interactions?

Hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic and van der Waals forces (correct)

Ionic bonding and permanent biomolecular interactions

Electrochemical bonds and reversible biomolecular interactions

Covalent bonds and irreversible biomolecular interactions

Which factors can affect antibody affinity?

pH, blood pressure, and humidity

Temperature, light exposure, and oxygen levels

pH, temperature, and buffer composition (correct)

Salinity, air pressure, and radiation levels

What is the difference between antibody affinity and avidity?

Affinity measures the strength of interaction between an epitope and an antibody’s antigen binding site, while avidity measures the overall strength of interaction between an antibody and all the binding sites on an antigen. Signup and view all the answers

What does antibody avidity refer to?

The overall strength of interaction between an antibody and all the binding sites on an antigen Signup and view all the answers

What does antibody affinity measure?

The strength of interaction between an antibody and a single antigenic determinant Signup and view all the answers

What are the forces involved in forming antigen-antibody interactions?

Hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic and van der Waals forces Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not affect antibody affinity?

The type of antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for antibody specificity and cross reactivity?

Epitope recognition and binding Signup and view all the answers

How is avidity of an antibody defined?

The number of antigenic determinants it can bind simultaneously Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant that describes the Ag-Ab reaction?

Affinity Signup and view all the answers

What type of interactions are antigen-antibody interactions based on?

Hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can affect antibody affinity?

pH and buffer composition Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of the attractive and repulsive forces operating between the antigenic determinant and the combining site of the antibody called?

Affinity Signup and view all the answers

What term describes antibodies being bivalent to multivalent due to having at least two antigen-binding sites?

Multivalency Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Antibody Affinity and Avidity

Antibody affinity refers to the strength of binding between a single antibody-binding site and an antigenic determinant.
Antibody affinity measures the strength of binding between a single antibody-binding site and an antigen.
Antibody affinity is affected by factors such as pH, temperature, and ionic strength.
Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions are the forces involved in forming antigen-antibody interactions.
Antibody affinity differs from antibody avidity, which refers to the overall strength of binding between a multivalent antibody and an antigen.

Antibody Avidity

Antibody avidity describes the cumulative strength of binding between multiple antibody-binding sites and an antigen.
Avidity is defined as the sum of the attractive and repulsive forces operating between the antigenic determinant and the combining site of the antibody.

Antibody Specificity and Cross Reactivity

The basis for antibody specificity and cross-reactivity lies in the shape and chemical properties of the antigenic determinant and the antibody-binding site.

Ag-Ab Reaction

The equilibrium constant that describes the Ag-Ab reaction is the dissociation constant (Kd).
Antigen-antibody interactions are based on non-covalent interactions.

Antibody Structure

Antibodies can be bivalent to multivalent due to having at least two antigen-binding sites, which is described by the term valency.
The valency of an antibody does not affect its affinity.

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Description

Learn about antigen-antibody reactions and the principles of antibody specificity and cross-reactivity. Explore the concepts of antibody affinity and avidity, as well as commonly used tests for antigen/antibody reactions.