Immunology and Lymphatic System Quiz

The ability to ward off damage or disease through defenses.

Two types: innate (nonspecific) and adaptive (specific).

Nonspecific immunity present at birth; no memory of invaders.

Specific immunity that recognizes invaders and has a memory component.

Drains excess fluid, transports dietary lipids, and houses immune cells.

A system that carries immune responses and drains excess fluid from tissues.

Small, closed-end vessels that allow interstitial fluid to enter but not exit.

Large vessels formed from lymphatic capillaries, leading to ducts for drainage.

Excess fluid from blood capillaries becomes lymph, about 3L/day.

Skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps that aid lymph movement back to blood.

The largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body, involved in immune responses and filtration of blood.

A component of the spleen rich in lymphatic tissue that contains lymphocytes and macrophages functioning in immune response.

The area in the spleen filled with blood venous sinuses and responsible for filtering blood and recycling blood cells.

Includes lymphocyte proliferation, immune response, blood cleansing, storage of blood components, and fetal blood cell production.

Cells that remove defective blood cells and salvage iron for reuse by bone marrow.

Small, bean-shaped structures located along lymphatic vessels throughout the body.

Supporting connective tissue in lymph nodes, including capsule, trabeculae, reticular fibers, and fibroblasts.

The functional part of lymph nodes, divided into cortex and medulla.

Outer region of a lymph node containing B cell aggregates called lymphatic nodules.

Inner region of a lymph node consisting of B cells, plasma cells, and macrophages.

Vessels that bring lymph into the lymph node for processing.

Lymph nodes trap foreign substances and destroy them via macrophages.

Lymph nodes monitor for antigens and initiate an immune response when necessary.

Process where a lymphocyte proliferates and differentiates in response to a specific antigen.

Population of identical cells recognizing the same antigen as the original cell.

Cells that actively respond to an antigen, including activated T or plasma cells, typically dying after the immune response.

Cells that remain inactive during the initial response but proliferate upon re-exposure to the same antigen.

Ability of an antigen to provoke an immune response.

Ability of an antigen to specifically react with antibodies it provoked.

The specific part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system; also known as antigenic determinant.

Self-antigens that help T cells recognize foreign entities or self, located on cell surfaces.

Immune cells that bind directly to antigens in body fluids.

Immune cells that require processed antigen fragments for recognition.

Breakdown of antigenic proteins into peptide fragments associated with MHC molecules.

Cells that process and present antigens such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells.

Antigens found in body fluids outside of body cells.

Antigens that originate from within body cells.

Major Histocompatibility Complex molecules that present antigen fragments to T cells.

A second signal required for T cell activation, often provided by cytokines.

Activation process resulting in the proliferation of specific T cells in response to an antigen.

T cells that remain inactive after an immune response but can quickly activate upon re-exposure to the same antigen.

Process where B cells respond to antigens, often requiring helper T cell assistance.

Proteins produced by plasma cells that specifically bind to antigens.

B cells that have been activated and are responsible for producing antibodies.

T cells that directly attack and destroy infected body cells.

The process by which certain immune cells engulf and digest foreign substances.