203 Immunology and Inflammatory Joint Disease Diagnosis Tutorial
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Questions and Answers

What is the key aim of this tutorial based on the text?

  • To consider the presentation of inflammatory joint disease (correct)
  • To review immunoassay methodology
  • To diagnose a patient with joint pain
  • To perform a virtual ELISA experiment
  • Which of the following is NOT a learning objective mentioned in the text?

  • Draw a diagram of an ELISA experiment (correct)
  • Describe the significance of positive CCP antibody
  • Comment on the technical validity of an ELISA experiment
  • List a differential diagnosis for acute monoarthritis
  • What term is used to describe inflammation of only one joint in the text?

  • Arthralgia
  • Polyarthritis
  • Oligoarthritis
  • Monoarthritis (correct)
  • Based on the text, what are the presenting features of acute inflammation in the knee?

    <p>Heat, swelling, redness, pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a positive CCP antibody mentioned in the text?

    <p>It confirms the presence of rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a learning objective in the text?

    <p>Discuss the significance of positive RF antibody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Acute monoarthritis' refers to inflammation in how many joints?

    <p>One joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can cause monoarthritis in young adults and is characterized by the presence of fever or systemic upset?

    <p>Septic arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to monoarthritis in individual with a history of trauma or clotting disorder?

    <p>Haemarthrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing factor of sarcoidosis compared to other conditions in terms of monoarthritis?

    <p>Rare, and includes features such as skin rashes, raised bumps on the skin, joint pain or stiffness, and blurry vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition, despite being uncommon, may present with monoarthritis and is typically seen in very young individuals?

    <p>Sarcoidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of arthritis typically presents with joint pain in young women and requires a history of psoriasis for diagnosis?

    <p>Psoriatic arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes crystal arthropathy from other causes of monoarthritis?

    <p>Usually present in the older population and has other risk factors such as previous surgery inherited genetic disorder, high levels of calcium or iron in the blood etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key characteristic is often seen in cases of acute osteoarthritis that helps differentiate it from other forms of joint disorders?

    <p>Occurs primarily in the elderly population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of rheumatoid arthritis that distinguishes it from other arthritic conditions?

    <p>History of joint pain and often involves multiple joints, especially in young people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of all controls falling within the expected range in the context of the assay results?

    <p>It indicates that the assay is technically valid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an optical density of 0.576 for the patient's sample well suggest?

    <p>The patient's sample contains low levels of CCP antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider the full clinical picture and other test results in the context of interpreting CCP antibody concentration?

    <p>To evaluate if the patient truly has rheumatoid arthritis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a CCP antibody concentration of 103.05 U/ml indicate in the patient's sample?

    <p>A positive result for rheumatoid arthritis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it stated that immunomodulation should be started before joint damage occurs?

    <p>To limit the progression of rheumatoid arthritis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario should a patient with monoarthritis and positive CCP antibody be referred urgently to Rheumatology?

    <p>If they have positive CCP antibody and joint inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it mentioned that the presentation with monoarthritis is a bit unusual in this context?

    <p>To stress the importance of considering other clinical aspects in diagnosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken if a control sample fails to fall within an acceptable range during the assay?

    <p>'Investigation' should be prompted to determine the validity of the assay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Select the correct order of the KEY steps in the ELISA assay from this point

    <ol> <li>Coat the well with Antigen, 2) Specific Antibody binds to the antigen, 3) Enzyme-linked antibody binds to the specific antibody, 4) Substrate is added and converted by enzyme into the coloured product; the rate of the colour formation is proportional to the amount of the specific antibody.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (CCP antibody) test mentioned in the text?

    <p>To predict the likelihood of developing rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the ELISA plate being pre-coated with CCP antigen and 'blocked' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To standardize the procedure for all samples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to run the sample in duplicate on a 96 well ELISA plate?

    <p>To compare results and ensure accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of controls in an ELISA experiment as described in the text?

    <p>To provide baseline values for comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an optical density reading contribute to deriving CCP antibody concentration, as outlined in the text?

    <p>By providing a quantitative measure of antibody binding in the ELISA assay</p> Signup and view all the answers

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