Immunology: Adjuvants and Antibody Response
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of an adjuvant in an immune response?

  • To reduce the dosage of the antigen required
  • To prolong the persistence of the antigen in tissues (correct)
  • To stimulate a response from T-cells
  • To neutralize the antigen

What is the name of the microorganism commonly used in water-in-oil suspensions for vaccinations?

  • E. coli
  • Salmonella
  • Mycobacterium (correct)
  • Streptococcus

What is the benefit of inoculating an animal at least twice?

  • To elicit a secondary immune response (correct)
  • To reduce the risk of adverse reactions
  • To stimulate a primary immune response
  • To induce tolerance to the antigen

What is the advantage of the subcutaneous route of inoculation?

<p>It stimulates a local immune response via the lymph nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using an adjuvant in a vaccination?

<p>It enhances the co-stimulation of an immune response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way adjuvants prolong the persistence of an antigen in tissues?

<p>By forming a depot at the injection site (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immune response is enhanced by co-stimulation of B cells?

<p>Humoral response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the intravenous route of inoculation useful in mice?

<p>For monoclonal antibody production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of inoculating an animal via the subcutaneous route?

<p>Route that involves the lymph nodes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of response is achieved by inoculating an animal at least twice?

<p>Secondary response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Adjuvants in Antibody Response

  • An adjuvant is used to promote antibody response to an antigen by prolonging its persistence in tissues and co-stimulating an immune response
  • Adjuvants help to stimulate B cells to rush to the area, enhancing the immune response
  • Examples of adjuvants include water in oil suspensions containing killed microbacterium, commonly used in vaccinations

Administration Routes for Adjuvants

  • Intravenous (IV) administration involves direct injection into the blood, useful for monoclonal antibody production in mice
  • Subcutaneous (SC) administration involves injection under the skin, which enters the lymph nodes

Best Practices for Immunization

  • To achieve a secondary response, it is recommended to inoculate the animal at least twice

Adjuvants in Antibody Response

  • An adjuvant is used to promote antibody response to an antigen by prolonging its persistence in tissues and co-stimulating an immune response
  • Adjuvants help to stimulate B cells to rush to the area, enhancing the immune response
  • Examples of adjuvants include water in oil suspensions containing killed microbacterium, commonly used in vaccinations

Administration Routes for Adjuvants

  • Intravenous (IV) administration involves direct injection into the blood, useful for monoclonal antibody production in mice
  • Subcutaneous (SC) administration involves injection under the skin, which enters the lymph nodes

Best Practices for Immunization

  • To achieve a secondary response, it is recommended to inoculate the animal at least twice

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Description

Explore the role of adjuvants in promoting antibody response to antigens, including their mechanisms and routes of administration. Learn about co-stimulation and persistence in tissue.

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