Immunology 101: Composition of Blood and Blood Cell Formation

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Questions and Answers

Which component makes up 44% of the centrifuged blood sample?

  • Plasma
  • Leukocytes
  • Erythrocytes (correct)
  • Platelets

Which leukocytes are classified as granulocytes?

  • Monocytes
  • Eosinophils
  • Lymphocytes
  • Neutrophils (correct)

What characterizes activated B-cells?

  • Production of histamine
  • Differentiation into plasma cells (correct)
  • Release of cytokines
  • Phagocytosis

What is the main function of eosinophils?

<p>Release of histamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocytes are classified as non-phagocytes?

<p>Basophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the middle gray-white layer in a centrifuged blood sample?

<p>Leukocytes and platelets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of granulocytes in normal peripheral blood?

<p>65% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infections is associated with increased neutrophil count (neutrophilia)?

<p>Bacterial infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of eosinophils?

<p>Attacking parasites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells primarily release histamine and other chemicals involved in allergic reactions?

<p>Basophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of innate defenses in immunity?

<p>Resisting damaging organisms and toxins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do B lymphocytes primarily originate?

<p>Bone marrow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of activated B lymphocytes in the immune response?

<p>Secreting antibodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic reactions and histamine release?

<p>IgE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of basophils in the immune response?

<p>Releasing histamine and other mediators of inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocytes are involved in the adaptive immune response?

<p>Lymphocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

<p>Killing virus-infected and tumor cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocyte population is primarily responsible for engulfing and destroying pathogens by phagocytosis?

<p>Neutrophils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of monocytes in the immune system?

<p>Differentiating into macrophages and dendritic cells to phagocytose pathogens and present antigens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocyte population is primarily responsible for combating parasitic infections?

<p>Eosinophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes activated T-cells in the immune response?

<p>Receiving signals from antigen-presenting cells to proliferate and produce cytokines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendritic cells in the immune system?

<p>Presenting antigens to activate other immune cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of plasma cells in the immune response?

<p>Producing antibodies to neutralize pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocyte population is primarily responsible for promoting inflammation by releasing histamine and other mediators?

<p>Basophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune system?

<p>Phagocytosing pathogens and presenting antigens to activate other immune cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of neutrophils in the immune system?

<p>Engulfing and destroying pathogens by phagocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocyte population is primarily responsible for combating viral infections?

<p>Natural killer cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of plasma cells in the immune response?

<p>Producing antibodies specific to antigens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocytes are classified as agranulocytes?

<p>Lymphocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendritic cells in the immune system?

<p>Presenting antigens to T-lymphocytes to initiate adaptive immune responses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component makes up the majority of the centrifuged blood sample?

<p>Plasma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of monocytes in the immune system?

<p>Engulfing and destroying pathogens by phagocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of eosinophils?

<p>Releasing histamine and other chemicals involved in allergic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes activated B-cells?

<p>Releasing antibodies to neutralize antigens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do B lymphocytes primarily originate?

<p>Bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of macrophages in the immune system?

<p>Engulfing and destroying pathogens by phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of innate defenses in immunity?

<p>Recognizing and responding rapidly to a wide variety of pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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