Immunohematologic Reactions and Zeta Potential of Red Blood Cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the difference in charge density between the inner and outer layers of the ionic cloud surrounding red blood cells in an electrolyte solution?

  • There is no ionic cloud surrounding red blood cells in an electrolyte solution.
  • The outer layer has a higher charge density than the inner layer.
  • The charge density is the same in both the inner and outer layers.
  • The inner layer has a higher charge density than the outer layer. (correct)

    • What is the term used to describe the potential difference between the stationary layer of fluid attached to the red blood cell surface and the surrounding electrolyte solution?

  • Hemagglutination
  • Ionic cloud
  • Charge density
  • Zeta potential (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the $ ext{slide method}$ and $ ext{tube method}$ in testing for hemagglutination?

  • To visually observe the clumping of red blood cells. (correct)
  • To measure the zeta potential of red blood cells.
  • To determine the charge density of the ionic cloud surrounding red blood cells.
  • To detect the presence of red blood cell antigens.

    • What is the purpose of the $ ext{gel method}$ in testing for hemagglutination?

    <p>To visually observe the formation of a solid band of agglutinated red blood cells at the top of the gel column.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of an abnormality in the zeta potential of red blood cells?

    <p>Changes in the charge density of the ionic cloud surrounding the red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to observe agglutination reactions microscopically?

    <p>To differentiate pseudoagglutination (rouleaux) from true agglutination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of RBCs forming a well-delineated pellet at the bottom of the microtube in the tube method?

    <p>It confirms the absence of hemolysis in the sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when numerous small clumps of cells exist amid a sea of free cells in an agglutination reaction?

    <p>Mixed field reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the gel column, where are RBC agglutinates predominantly seen when hemolysis occurs?

    <p>Lower half of the gel column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a turbid background with small agglutinates indicate in an agglutination reaction?

    <p>Presence of grade 2 agglutination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do we use distilled water during some test procedures for RBCs?

    <p>To observe the absence of agglutinates</p> Signup and view all the answers

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