Immunoglobulins and T Cell Receptors Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which immunoglobulin subclass is primarily made in the primary immune response?

  • IgA
  • IgG
  • IgE
  • IgM (correct)

    • What type of immune response determines the production of IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses?

  • Secondary immune response (correct)
  • Primary immune response
  • Tertiary immune response
  • Quaternary immune response

    • What is the main function of T cell receptors (TCRs) when recognizing antigens?

  • Recognize linear arrays of amino acids (correct)
  • Identify superantigens
  • Bind to native antigens
  • Interact with B cell receptors

    • Which term refers to the specific sites on antigens that antibodies or T cell receptors bind to?

    <p>Paratopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are antigens presented to T cells for recognition?

    <p>Via linear arrays of amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the root of the term 'polyclonal' in the context of antibodies?

    <p>Antibodies from multiple B cell clones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural similarities do the BCR and TCR have?

    <p>Both involve repeating units of structural domains known as immunoglobulin folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the BCR from the TCR in terms of solubility?

    <p>TCR is always cell-associated, while BCR can be soluble (antibody)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do complex antigens like pathogens give rise to polyclonal responses?

    <p>Complex antigens have many epitopes, eliciting responses from multiple B cell clones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the antigen recognition reside in BCR and TCR?

    <p>In the variable regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the BCR and TCR structure differs between them?

    <p>The number of antigen binding sites but not constant regions differ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of circulating T cells are γδ T cells?

    <p>1-5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major site for γδ T cells?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the antigen recognition by γδ T cells differ from that of αβ T cells?

    <p>γδ T cells recognize antigen presented in CD1, while αβ T cells recognize antigen presented in MHC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of γδ T cells?

    <p>Their function is still not clear, according to the text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the TCR genes of γδ T cells is true?

    <p>The γ and δ TCR genes are less diverse than those of α and β.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the CD3 complex in the T cell receptor complex?

    <p>To provide signaling capability for the T cell receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the structure of the CD3 complex is correct?

    <p>The γε and εδ dimers have extracellular immunoglobulin-like folds and one ITAM each</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the coreceptors (CD4 and CD8) in the T cell receptor complex?

    <p>To determine the specificity of the T cell for MHC class I or class II molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about T cell antigen recognition is correct?

    <p>T cells recognize and respond to foreign peptide antigens only when presented by MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the randomly generated TCR variants in T cells?

    <p>To enable each T cell to recognize a diverse range of peptide antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the T cell receptor (TCR) is correct?

    <p>The αβ TCR on T cells can recognize antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes superantigens?

    <p>Superantigens can activate T cells independently of antigen specificity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pathogen invasion, which of the following statements is true?

    <p>Pathogens carry multiple antigens, each with several epitopes, resulting in a polyclonal immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the γδ T cell receptor (TCR)?

    <p>The γδ TCR recognizes antigens (often lipids) presented by CD1 molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of antigen recognition, which of the following statements is correct?

    <p>The BCR can recognize antigens in their native form, without the need for processing or presentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antigens on a virus or bacterium could potentially be recognized by the T cell receptor (TCR)?

    <p>All of the above antigens could potentially be recognized by the TCR, provided they are processed and presented by the MHC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An immunogen is a substance that can stimulate the immune system to produce an immune response.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Antigen receptors are specific proteins found on antigen-presenting cells, B cells, and T cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main function of B cell receptors is to directly kill invading pathogens.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term 'immune memory' refers to the ability of the immune system to respond more quickly and effectively upon a second encounter with a pathogen.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The T cell receptor and B cell receptor have identical structures due to their similar functions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Antigen presenting cells play a crucial role in activating T cells by presenting antigens to them.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The epitope recognized by the TCR includes only amino acids from the presented peptide and not from the MHC.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Superantigens are processed by antigen-presenting cells before binding to TCRs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CD4 and CD8 are not involved in ensuring the stability of the immunological synapse formed by TCR binding to peptide/MHC complex.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T cell activation is initiated by the interaction of variable regions of TCR αβ chains with the MHC only.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Superantigens are effective at high concentrations in activating T-helper cell populations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non-classical T cell activation involves superantigens that bind to polymorphic sequences of MHCII β-chain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    γδ T cells account for the majority of circulating T cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    γδ T cells recognize antigens using the same proteins as αβ T cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    γδ T cells primarily recognize antigens presented in MHC, similar to αβ T cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The genes for the γδ TCR are more diverse than those for the αβ TCR.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    γδ T cells are mainly found in epithelial-rich tissues like mucosa.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Immunogens are a subset of antigens.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Haptens can elicit an immune response on their own.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Soluble antigens cannot enter the body through breaks in the skin or mucous membranes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adjuvants decrease the effectiveness of dendritic cells and macrophages.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Benzene is an example of a complex antigen.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pattern Recognition Receptors are a type of adaptive antigen receptor.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    NK cells use killer activatory immunoreceptors (KARs) for antigen recognition.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    B cells recognize the 3D conformation of antigens via the T cell receptor (TCR).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alum is an example of an adjuvant used in vaccination.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Epitopes are parts of antigens that bind to specific receptors on lymphocytes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The αβ TCR on T cells can recognize antigens even when not presented by the MHC.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Superantigens made by pathogens activate T cells dependent on antigen specificity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polymorphic responses result in the expansion of many clones of B and T cells recognizing the same antigen.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gd TCR primarily recognizes proteins presented in CD1.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each T cell produces a TCR with a variable region that allows binding to various antigens.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CD4 or CD8 are NOT included in the TCR complex.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • IgM is produced in the primary immune response, while subclasses like IgA, IgE, and IgG depend on the type of immune response.
    • Antigen receptors for B cells are called B cell receptors (BCR), and for T cells, they are T cell receptors (TCR).
    • T cells bind linear arrays of approximately 9 amino acids via the TCR, which are processed and presented to T cells by molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells.
    • Monoclonal antibodies come from a single B cell clone and recognize a single epitope, while polyclonal antibodies come from multiple B cell clones and can recognize a range of epitopes.
    • The structure of BCR and TCR both involve repeating units of immunoglobulin folds with constant and variable regions, but they differ in the number of regions and antigen binding sites.
    • Complex antigens like pathogens elicit a polyclonal response, activating different T and/or B cell clones in the adaptive immune response.
    • TCRs on T cells can only recognize antigens when presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules (MHC), requiring accessory cells for T cell activation.

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    Antigens & Antigen Receptors Lecture A PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on immunoglobulin subclasses and T cell receptors in the immune response. This quiz covers topics such as the structure of T cell receptors, differences between T and B cell antigens, and superantigens.

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