Podcast
Questions and Answers
Innate immunity is a defense system that operates in all animals and includes barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical ______.
Innate immunity is a defense system that operates in all animals and includes barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical ______.
defenses
What is the function of B cells in the immune system?
What is the function of B cells in the immune system?
- To recognize specific parts of specific molecules on the surface of specific pathogens
- To produce memory cells
- To target pathogens circulating in body fluids (correct)
- To destroy pathogens hiding within body cells
B cells destroy pathogens circulating in ______ fluids while T cells target pathogens hiding within body cells. (body)
B cells destroy pathogens circulating in ______ fluids while T cells target pathogens hiding within body cells. (body)
True or false: B cells and T cells recognize specific parts of non-specific molecules on the surface of specific pathogens.
True or false: B cells and T cells recognize specific parts of non-specific molecules on the surface of specific pathogens.
What are lymphocytes?
What are lymphocytes?
What are the two types of immune system?
What are the two types of immune system?
True or false: Adaptive immunity is a defense system that operates in all animals.
True or false: Adaptive immunity is a defense system that operates in all animals.
The proliferation phase is called ______ selection. (clonal)
The proliferation phase is called ______ selection. (clonal)
What do B and T cells recognize?
What do B and T cells recognize?
What is the difference between B cell and T cell antigen receptors?
What is the difference between B cell and T cell antigen receptors?
Which defense system is exclusive to vertebrates?
Which defense system is exclusive to vertebrates?
The immune system can be split into innate and adaptive ______.
The immune system can be split into innate and adaptive ______.
True or false: Invertebrates have innate defenses that include barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical defenses.
True or false: Invertebrates have innate defenses that include barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical defenses.
True or false: B cell antigen receptors are stick-like and composed of just two polypeptides, while T cell antigen receptors are Y-shaped and composed of 4 polypeptides.
True or false: B cell antigen receptors are stick-like and composed of just two polypeptides, while T cell antigen receptors are Y-shaped and composed of 4 polypeptides.
The benefits of memory cells is a rapid response upon ______. (re-infection)
The benefits of memory cells is a rapid response upon ______. (re-infection)
What is the difference between B cell and T cell antigen receptors?
What is the difference between B cell and T cell antigen receptors?
True or false: B cells target pathogens hiding within body cells, while T cells destroy pathogens circulating in body fluids.
True or false: B cells target pathogens hiding within body cells, while T cells destroy pathogens circulating in body fluids.
What is the purpose of the proliferation phase in the immune response?
What is the purpose of the proliferation phase in the immune response?
True or false: Mammals do not have an elaborate network of lymph vessels.
True or false: Mammals do not have an elaborate network of lymph vessels.
Invertebrates have innate defenses that include barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical ______.
Invertebrates have innate defenses that include barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical ______.
What are the three types of lymphocytes?
What are the three types of lymphocytes?
True or false: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are found inside phagocytic cells.
True or false: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are found inside phagocytic cells.
What is the function of B cells?
What is the function of B cells?
Adaptive immunity is a defense system exclusive to vertebrates and includes B cells, T cells, and ______.
Adaptive immunity is a defense system exclusive to vertebrates and includes B cells, T cells, and ______.
Which cells are the effector cells of activated B cells?
Which cells are the effector cells of activated B cells?
What is the function of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)?
What is the function of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)?
An initial encounter to a novel antigen takes roughly ______ days for B and T cell activation, while upon a second encounter, the response time is just a few short days. (14)
An initial encounter to a novel antigen takes roughly ______ days for B and T cell activation, while upon a second encounter, the response time is just a few short days. (14)
True or false: The proliferation phase of B cells and T cells is called clonal expansion.
True or false: The proliferation phase of B cells and T cells is called clonal expansion.
Which type of immune system defense system operates in all animals?
Which type of immune system defense system operates in all animals?
True or false: The proliferation stage of B cells and T cells produces three types of cells: effector cells, memory cells, and regulatory cells.
True or false: The proliferation stage of B cells and T cells produces three types of cells: effector cells, memory cells, and regulatory cells.
True or false: White blood cells include only neutrophils and lymphocytes.
True or false: White blood cells include only neutrophils and lymphocytes.
Plasma cells are the effector cells of activated B cells, while cytotoxic T cells are the effector cells of activated ______ T cells. (helper)
Plasma cells are the effector cells of activated B cells, while cytotoxic T cells are the effector cells of activated ______ T cells. (helper)
Mammals have an elaborate network of lymph vessels, primary and secondary tissues of the immune system, and barrier ______.
Mammals have an elaborate network of lymph vessels, primary and secondary tissues of the immune system, and barrier ______.
What is the name of the proliferation phase?
What is the name of the proliferation phase?
What is the role of memory cells in the immune response?
What is the role of memory cells in the immune response?
B cell antigen receptors are Y-shaped and composed of 4 polypeptides, while T cell antigen receptors are stick-like and composed of just two ______. (polypeptides)
B cell antigen receptors are Y-shaped and composed of 4 polypeptides, while T cell antigen receptors are stick-like and composed of just two ______. (polypeptides)
What are the two types of cells produced during the proliferation stage of B and T cells?
What are the two types of cells produced during the proliferation stage of B and T cells?
What is the function of dendritic cells?
What is the function of dendritic cells?
True or false: Plasma cells are the effector cells of activated T cells, while cytotoxic T cells are the effector cells of activated B cells.
True or false: Plasma cells are the effector cells of activated T cells, while cytotoxic T cells are the effector cells of activated B cells.
How long does it take for B and T cell activation upon an initial encounter to a novel antigen?
How long does it take for B and T cell activation upon an initial encounter to a novel antigen?
Pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the ______ of phagocytic cells.
Pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the ______ of phagocytic cells.
True or false: Dendritic cells function like macrophages and are the link between innate and adaptive immunity.
True or false: Dendritic cells function like macrophages and are the link between innate and adaptive immunity.
Which cells target pathogens hiding within body cells?
Which cells target pathogens hiding within body cells?
What are plasma cells?
What are plasma cells?
True or false: Natural killer cells release molecules that destroy bacteria.
True or false: Natural killer cells release molecules that destroy bacteria.
True or false: Memory cells continue to circulate in high concentrations in the blood until the pathogen is encountered again.
True or false: Memory cells continue to circulate in high concentrations in the blood until the pathogen is encountered again.
Lymphocytes are cells of the ______ immune system. (adaptive)
Lymphocytes are cells of the ______ immune system. (adaptive)
White blood cells include neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, and ______.
White blood cells include neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, and ______.
Which white blood cell releases molecules that destroy virus-infected or cancer cells?
Which white blood cell releases molecules that destroy virus-infected or cancer cells?
The proliferation stage of B cells and T cells produces two types of cells: effector cells and ______ cells. (memory)
The proliferation stage of B cells and T cells produces two types of cells: effector cells and ______ cells. (memory)
What are the protein-based chemical defenses?
What are the protein-based chemical defenses?
True or false: Antimicrobial peptides, interferons, and the complement system are all chemical defenses that are protein-based.
True or false: Antimicrobial peptides, interferons, and the complement system are all chemical defenses that are protein-based.
Dendritic cells function like macrophages and are the link between innate and ______ immunity.
Dendritic cells function like macrophages and are the link between innate and ______ immunity.
What are memory cells?
What are memory cells?
What is the function of cytotoxic T cells in the immune system?
What is the function of cytotoxic T cells in the immune system?
True or false: The benefits of memory cells is a slower response upon re-infection.
True or false: The benefits of memory cells is a slower response upon re-infection.
True or false: An initial encounter to a novel antigen takes roughly 7 days for B and T cell activation, while upon a second encounter, the response time is just a few short days.
True or false: An initial encounter to a novel antigen takes roughly 7 days for B and T cell activation, while upon a second encounter, the response time is just a few short days.
Natural killer cells release molecules that destroy virus-infected or ______ cells.
Natural killer cells release molecules that destroy virus-infected or ______ cells.
What is the name of the phase in which B and T cells undergo clonal selection?
What is the name of the phase in which B and T cells undergo clonal selection?
True or false: Innate immunity is a defense system exclusive to vertebrates.
True or false: Innate immunity is a defense system exclusive to vertebrates.
What is the benefit of memory cells?
What is the benefit of memory cells?
What is the main function of innate immunity?
What is the main function of innate immunity?
Memory cells continue to circulate in low concentrations in the ______ until the pathogen is encountered again. (blood)
Memory cells continue to circulate in low concentrations in the ______ until the pathogen is encountered again. (blood)
Antimicrobial peptides, interferons, and the complement system are protein-based chemical ______.
Antimicrobial peptides, interferons, and the complement system are protein-based chemical ______.
How long does it take for B and T cell activation upon an initial encounter to a novel antigen?
How long does it take for B and T cell activation upon an initial encounter to a novel antigen?
B cells and T cells recognize specific parts of specific molecules on the surface of specific ______. (pathogens)
B cells and T cells recognize specific parts of specific molecules on the surface of specific ______. (pathogens)
True or false: B cells and T cells are cells of the innate immune system.
True or false: B cells and T cells are cells of the innate immune system.
How long do memory cells continue to circulate in the blood?
How long do memory cells continue to circulate in the blood?
True or false: The immune system targets and destroys healthy cells in the body.
True or false: The immune system targets and destroys healthy cells in the body.
What is the name of the network of lymph vessels and tissues in mammals?
What is the name of the network of lymph vessels and tissues in mammals?
Study Notes
- The immune system targets and destroys pathogens that cause disease.
- The immune system can be split into innate and adaptive immunity.
- Innate immunity is a defense system that operates in all animals and includes barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical defenses.
- Adaptive immunity is a defense system exclusive to vertebrates and includes B cells, T cells, and lymphocytes.
- Invertebrates have innate defenses that include barrier defenses, specialized cells, and chemical defenses.
- Mammals have an elaborate network of lymph vessels, primary and secondary tissues of the immune system, and barrier defenses.
- Pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the surface of phagocytic cells.
- White blood cells include neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes.
- Dendritic cells function like macrophages and are the link between innate and adaptive immunity.
- Natural killer cells release molecules that destroy virus-infected or cancer cells.
- Antimicrobial peptides, interferons, and the complement system are protein-based chemical defenses.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the fascinating world of the immune system with this quiz! From innate and adaptive immunity to the various types of white blood cells and chemical defenses, this quiz covers it all. Use your understanding of key terms like dendritic cells, Toll-like receptors, and natural killer cells to answer questions about how the immune system functions and protects us from pathogens. See how much you really know about this complex and essential part of our bodies!
